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POCKET • NOTEBOOK Pocket SURGERY Second Edition Editor: DANIEL B. JONES, MD, MS, FACS Acquisitions Editor: Brian Brown Development Editor: Brendan Huffman Editorial Coordinator: Annette Ferran Senior Production Manager: Alicia Jackson Manufacturing Manager: Beth Welsh Marketing Manager: Dan Dressler Design Coordinator: Steve Druding Production Service: Aptara, Inc. 2nd edition Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer © 2011 by LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, a WOLTERS KLUWER business. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. 987654321 Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Jones, Daniel B., 1964- editor. Title: Pocket surgery / editor, Daniel B. Jones. Other titles: Pocket surgery (Goldfarb) | Pocket notebook. Description: 2nd edition. | Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer, 2017. | Series: Pocket notebook | Preceded by Pocket surgery: the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center handbook of surgery / editors, Melanie Goldfarb . . . [et al.]. c2011. | Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: LCCN 2017026170 | ISBN 9781975103750 Subjects: | MESH: Surgical Procedures, Operative | Handbooks Classification: LCC RD31 | NLM WO 39 | DDC 617–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017026170 DISCLAIMER This work is provided “as is,” and the publisher disclaims any and all warranties, express or implied, including any warranties as to accuracy, comprehensiveness, or currency of the content of this work. This work is no substitute for individual patient assessment based upon healthcare professionals’ examination of each patient and consideration of, among other things, age, weight, gender, current or prior medical conditions, medication history, laboratory data and other factors unique to the patient. The publisher does not provide medical advice or guidance and this work is merely a reference tool. Healthcare professionals, and not the publisher, are solely responsible for the use of this work including all medical judgments and for any resulting diagnosis and treatments. Given continuous, rapid advances in medical science and health information, independent professional verification of medical diagnoses, indications, appropriate pharmaceutical selections and dosages, and treatment options should be made and healthcare professionals should consult a variety of sources. When prescribing medication, healthcare professionals are advised to consult the product information sheet (the manufacturer’s package insert) accompanying each drug to verify, among other things, conditions of use, warnings and side effects and identify any changes in dosage schedule or contraindications, particularly if the medication to be administered is new, infrequently used or has a narrow therapeutic range. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, no responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property, as a matter of products liability, negligence law or otherwise, or from any reference to or use by any person of this work. LWW.com CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS Robert D. Acton, MD Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics Associate Surgery Program Director Surgeon-in-Chief University of Minnesota Masonic Children’s Hospital Minneapolis, Minnesota Partha Bhurtel, MBBS Surgery Resident, Department of General Surgery St. Elizabeth Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine Boston, Massachusetts Christopher Boyd, MD Assistant Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Morgan A. Bresnick, MD Instructor in Surgery, General and Bariatric Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Michael Cahalane, MD Associate Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Acting Chief, Acute Care Surgery Division Director, Undergraduate Education, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Mark P. Callery, MD Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Chief, Division of General Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts David S. Caradonna, MD, DMD Assistant Professor, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Thomas Cataldo Instructor in Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Alexander V. Chalphin, MD General Surgery Resident, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Oliver S. Chow, MD Cardiothoracic Surgery Fellow, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Charles Cook, MD, FACS, FCCM Division Chief, Acute Care Surgery, Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Associate Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts Jonathan Critchlow, MD Associate Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Associate Chief, General Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Roger Eduardo, MD General Surgery Resident, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Nassrene Y. Elmadhun, MD Surgical Resident, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Mariam F. Eskander, MD, MPH General Surgery Resident, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Amy Evenson, MD, MPH Assistant Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Sidhu P. Gangadharan, MD Chief, Division of Thoracic Surgery and Interventional Pulmonology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Associate Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts Mark A. Gromski, MD Fellow, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana Alok Gupta, MD, FACS Acute Surgeon, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Huzifa Haj-Ibrahim, MD General Surgery Resident, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Allen Hamdan, MD Vice Chair, Department of Surgery and Associate Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Chairman, Board of Advisors, Greater Boston Food Bank Boston, Massachusetts Thomas Hamilton, MD Assistant Program Director, Pediatric Surgery Fellowship Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital Assistant Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts Daniel A. Hashimoto, MD, MS Edward D. Churchill Surgical Education and Simulation Research Fellow, Massachusetts General Hospital General Surgery Resident, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts Per-Olof Hasselgren, MD Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Vice Chairman, Research, Director, Endocrine Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Mary Jane Houlihan, MD Assistant Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Dre M. Irizarry, MD General Surgery Resident Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Sayuri P. Jinadasa, MD Critical Care Research Fellow and General Surgery Resident, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Teaching Fellow in Surgery, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts Katherine M. Johnson, MD OBGYN Resident, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Daniel B. Jones, MD, MS, FACS Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Vice Chair of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Stephanie B. Jones, MD Vice Chair for Education and Faculty Development, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Associate Professor of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts Tovy Haber Kamine, MD Surgical Critical Care Fellow, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Mark A. Kashtan, MD Surgery Resident, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Michael Kearney, MD Instructor in Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Tara S. Kent, MD, MS Associate Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Vice Chair for Education, BIDMC Department of Surgery Program Director, BIDMC Surgery Residency, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Kamal Khabbaz, MD Chief, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Khalid Khwaja, MD Assistant Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School Surgical Director of Solid Organ Transplantation, Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Omar Yusef Kudsi, MD, MBA Assistant Professor of Surgery, Tufts University School of Medicine Boston, Massachusetts