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Overview of Indian Paper Industry Presented by Dr. T. K. Roy Director, CPPRI Central Pulp & Paper Research Institute Saharanpur, U.P., INDIA PAPER INDUSTRY AT A GLANCE The industry is fragmented with capacities ranging from 2 to 800 tonnes per day ¾Total number of Pulp & Paper Mills Wood Based Agro Based Recycled Fiber Based Mills ¾Pulp & Paper Mills in Operation ¾Pulp & Paper Mills Closed ¾Installed Capacity of Mills ¾Per-capita consumption (Paper & Paperboard) ¾Production 666 34 165 467 568 98 6.9 million tonnes 6.0 kg 5.6 million tonnes – P&B 0.7 million tonnes - Newsprint ¾Turnover Rs. 16000 Crores ¾Exchequer Rs. 2500 Crores ¾Employment Direct-3 Lacs / Indirect-10 Lacs 1 GROWTH OF PAPER INDUSTRY ¾ First mill in the country was commissioned in 1812 in Serampur (W. Bengal). ¾ The initial development & growth of industry in the 19th century was affected by shortage of wood (soft wood) in the country. ¾ In 1914 the development of pulp making processes based on bamboo lead to rapid growth of the industry and by the end of the 1950’s installed capacity increased to 137000 tonnes. ¾ In the 1970s excise concessions were given to small agro based mills, which resulted in a rapid increase of small mills and capacity. ¾ In the late 1980s the industry was in a severe oversupply situation, capacity utilisation rates being around 60 %. ¾ In early 1990s the government reversed the policy, making large units more competitive (e.g. by removing excise concessions for agro based mills). 2 GROWTH OF PAPER INDUSTRY ….. Contd… Paper capacity and production in India 1950-2005 8.00 Capacity 6.00 Production 4.00 Million tonnes 2.00 0.00 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 3 Nearly 1.25 million tones of capacity is closed Reasons for Closed Capacities ¾ ¾ Technological obsolescence Environmental issues Total Paper and Paperboard demand in India CAGR of nearly 5.5% in the past 3 years. Other varities 5% Writing & printing grades 40% Industrial paper 55% Writing & printing grades Industrial paper Other varities 5 Paper, Paperboard & Newsprint Year Production Imports Exports Consumption 1995-96 3.81 0.42 0.09 4.14 1996-97 4.11 0.59 0.07 4.63 1997-98 4.58 0.65 0.06 5.17 1998-99 4.81 0.56 0.06 5.30 1999-00 5.5 0.55 0.10 6.1 2000-01 5.5 0.56 0.13 6.02 2001-02 5.57 0.56 0.29 5.98 2002-03 5.87 0.69 0.23 6.33 2003-04 6.24 1.01 0.23 7.0 2004-05 6.52 0.87 0.26 7.15 All figures in Million Tonnes 6 STRUCTURE OF PAPER INDUSTRY Categorization of the Mills Based on Cellulosic Raw Materials 467 500 Number of Mills 400 300 165 200 100 34 0 Wood Based Mills Non Wood Based Mills RCF Based Mills 7 PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION The per capita paper consumption in India is 6 kg compared to 324 kg in USA, 25 kg in Indonesia, 250 kg in Japan and 37 kg in China Per Capita Consumption 350 300 250 Kg 200 150 100 50 P A K IS T A LA N T E A IN S I T AMND E R ERIA N IC E U A R O P E IN D O N E S IA W O W R E LDC S ( H T E AvIN R er A N a g E U e R O P E N O R T H JA A P MA EN R IC A 0 8 FIBRE RESOURCES India is a fibre deficient country. Due to lack of wood resources, the paper industry is utilizing a wide verities of raw material for paper making ranging from forest based raw material to annual plant and recovered paper. 7% 9% 84% 1970 30% 39% 2000 31% 34% 38% 2005 28% Forest based Agro based Recycled fiber 9