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OVERVIEW UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE FISCAL YEAR 2013 BUDGET REQUEST February 2012 OFFICE OF THE UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (COMPTROLLER) / CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER Preface The FY 2013 President’s Budget is based on an intensive review to establish defense priorities, and to ensure adequate resource levels for the next five years. This was achieved based on strategic guidance from the President, and reflects the recommendations of the DoD senior military and civilian leadership. A balanced approach evolved, which incorporates all areas from potential savings, to force structure enhancements, modifications, and adjustments. In January the Department published two papers dealing with its strategy and budget. The first paper (“Sustaining U.S. Global Leadership; Priorities for the 21st Century Defense”, January 2012 1,) outlines the new defense strategy that has been approved by the President. The second paper (“Defense Budget Priorities and Choices”, January 2012 2,) shows how the strategy translated into the major budget decisions presented in the President’s FY 2013 budget plan for the Department of Defense. Readers desiring an overview of the strategy and its influence on broad budget decisions should consult those documents. While retaining an emphasis on strategy and its influence on the defense budget, this Overview describes in more detail the decisions made in the FY 2013 plan, with a focus on the budget year. The Overview is one part of an extensive set of materials that constitute the presentation and justification of the President’s Budget for FY 2013. This document and all other publications for this and previous DoD budgets are available from the public web site of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller): www.comptroller.defense.gov. Especially relevant is the Press Release and Budget Briefing. Also key is the Program Acquisition Costs by Weapons System book, which includes details on major DoD acquisition programs – e.g., aircraft, ground forces programs, shipbuilding, space systems, etc. Other background information can be accessed though www.defense.gov. Comprehensive information on personnel, capabilities, infrastructure, and more are available on the web sites of each Military Department: www.army.mil or www.navy.mil or www.airforce.mil. 1 2 http://www.defense.gov/news/Defense_Strategic_Guidance.pdf http://www.defense.gov/news/Defense_Budget_Priorities.pdf Preparation of this study/report cost the Department of Defense a total of approximately $34,000 in Fiscal Year 2012. Generated on 2012Feb04 1613 RefID: 4-0609CA0 Overview – FY 2013 Defense Budget Table of Contents 1. 2. FY 2013 Budget Summary Overview of DoD Strategic Guidance 1-1 2-1 Sustaining U.S. Global Leadership: Priorities for 21st Century Defense ......................... 2-1 A Challenging Global Security Environment .................................................................... 2-1 Sustaining U.S. Global Leadership .................................................................................. 2-2 Primary Missions of the U.S. Armed Forces .................................................................... 2-2 Attributes of the Joint Force 2020 .................................................................................... 2-3 Keeping Faith with Those Who Serve .............................................................................. 2-3 Strategy to Budget ........................................................................................................... 2-3 3. More Disciplined Use of Resources 3-1 More Disciplined Use of Resources – FY 2013 Budget Plans .......................................... 3-1 Achieve Audit Readiness ................................................................................................. 3-3 Improving the Financial Management Workforce ............................................................. 3-5 Improving Contingency Contracting ................................................................................. 3-5 Audit and Contract Management Oversight ..................................................................... 3-8 Better Buying Power ........................................................................................................ 3-9 Defense Acquisition Workforce Sustainment ................................................................. 3-11 4. Strategy-Driven Changes in Force Structure and Modernization 4-1 Strategy to Budget ........................................................................................................... 4-1 Force Structure Changes ................................................................................................. 4-1 Army Modernization Changes.......................................................................................... 4-2 Navy and Marine Corps Modernization Changes ............................................................. 4-5 Air Force Modernization Changes.................................................................................... 4-7 Defense-wide Modernization Changes .......................................................................... 4-10 Active and Reserve Military Strength ............................................................................. 4-13 5. Supporting the All-Volunteer Force 5-1 Military Compensation ..................................................................................................... 5-1 Managing the Military Health System............................................................................... 5-2 Military Retirement Modernization Commission ............................................................... 5-5 Strengthening Military Families ........................................................................................ 5-5 Building and Sustaining Excellent Facilities ..................................................................... 5-7 Supporting DoD Civilians ................................................................................................. 5-7 6. Overseas Contingency Operations 6-1 FY 2012 – FY 2013 Summary ......................................................................................... 6-1 Progress in Afghanistan................................................................................................... 6-1 Finalizing Transition in Iraq .............................................................................................. 6-4 Overseas Contingency Operations Budget Request ........................................................ 6-4 Force Level Budget Assumptions .................................................................................... 6-7 TABLE OF CONTENTS i Overview – FY 2013 Defense Budget 7. Performance Improvement 7-1 Introduction...................................................................................................................... 7-1 DoD Budget and Performance Integration ....................................................................... 7-1 DoD Mission, Organization Structure, and Major Functions ............................................. 7-4 DoD Strategic Plan .......................................................................................................... 7-9 FY 2011 DoD Annual Performance Report .................................................................... 7-10 FY 2012 DoD Annual Performance Plan (Updated) ....................................................... 7-31 FY 2013 DoD Annual Performance Plan........................................................................ 7-34 Exhibit A – FY 2011 DoD-wide Performance Results Summary .................................... 7-44 Exhibit B – FY 2012 – FY 2013 DoD-wide Performance Goals ...................................... 7-58 8. Resource Exhibits 8-1 Table 8-1 DoD Base Budget by Appropriation Title .......................................................... 8-1 Table 8-2 DoD Base Budget by Military Department ........................................................ 8-1 Table 8-3 OCO Funding by Appropriation Title ................................................................ 8-2 Table 8-4 OCO Funding by Military Department .............................................................. 8-2 Table 8-5 Total DoD Budget by Appropriation Title .......................................................... 8-3 Table 8-6 Total DoD Budget by Military Department ........................................................ 8-3 Table 8-7 DoD Base Budget by Military Department and Appropriation Title ................... 8-4 Table 8-8 OCO Funding by Military Department and Appropriation Title .......................... 8-6 Table 8-9 Total DoD Budget by Military Department and Appropriation Title ................... 8-8 Table 8-10 U.S. OCO Casualty Status ........................................................................... 8-10 Acronym List .................................................................................................................. 8-11 TABLE OF CONTENTS ii Overview – FY 2013 Defense Budget 1. FY 2013 BUDGET SUMMARY The Fiscal Year (FY) 2013 President’s Budget develops a defense strategy to transition from emphasis on today’s wars to preparing for future challenges; protects the broad range of U.S. national security interests; advances the Department’s efforts to rebalance and reform; and supports the national security imperative of deficit reduction through reduced defense spending. Major Themes • • • • • More Disciplined Use of Resources Strategy-Driven Changes in Force Structure and Modernization Supporting the All-Volunteer Force Overseas Contingency Operations FY 2013 – FY 2017 Topline The FY 2013 Base Budget provides $525.4 billion, a reduction of $5.2 billion from the FY 2012 enacted level ($530.6 billion) and is consistent with Administration-wide efforts to make tough cuts and create savings. The budget adjusts programs that develop and procure military equipment, begins to re-size ground forces, slows the growth of compensation and benefit programs, continues to make better use of Defense resources by reducing lower priority programs, and restructures for more efficient approaches to doing business. The incremental costs of Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO), including ongoing efforts in Afghanistan and support for the Office of Security Cooperation in Iraq, are funded separately in the FY 2013 budget request at $88.5 billion, a decrease of $26.6 billion from the FY 2012 enacted level. Details on these costs are presented in the OCO chapter. Figure 1-1. Department of Defense Budget DoD Budget $ in Billions FY 2011 Actual FY 2012 Enactment FY 2013 Request FY12 – 13 Change Base 528.2 530.6 525.4 -5.2 OCO 158.8 115.1 88.5 -26.6 Total Budget 687.0 645.7 613.9 -31.8 Discretionary budget authority Numbers may not add due to rounding The overall themes developed in this overview are: • More Disciplined Use of Resources (Chapter 3) • Strategy-Driven Changes in Force Structure and Modernization (Chapter 4) • Supporting the All-Volunteer Force (Chapter 5) • Overseas Contingency Operations (Chapter 6) MORE DISCIPLINED USE OF RESOURCES The Department achieves a balanced approach by reviewing all areas of the budget for potential savings. This includes achieving new efficiencies, eliminating additional duplication and overhead, tightening personnel costs, enhancing contract competition, and reevaluating modernization programs. The Department has learned from prior drawdowns that it is impossible to generate all the needed savings just through efficiencies. The DoD prioritizes by eliminating missions and programs that, while useful, are not valuable enough to be retained in the FY 2013 budget. This budget continues the reform agenda advanced in the previous three budgets, but with more emphasis now on enhancing how DoD does business. The Department must continue to CHAPTER 1 FY 2013 BUDGET SUMMARY 1-1 Overview – FY 2013 Defense Budget reduce the “cost of doing business”… before taking further risk in meeting the demands of the strategy. STRATEGY-DRIVEN CHANGES IN FORCE STRUCTURE AND MODERNIZATION The Department’s strategy developed in this budget creates a smaller, lighter, more agile, flexible joint force to conduct a full range of military activities that are necessary to defend U.S. national interests. Over the past few months, the DoD has conducted an intensive review to guide defense priorities and spending for the coming decade, based on strategic guidance from the President and recommendations of the Department’s senior military and civilian leadership. Although the DoD force will be smaller, it will employ both lessons from recent conflicts and new technologies developed to confront the most lethal and disruptive threats of the future. This approach enables the Department to assess risk, set priorities, and make hard choices. SUPPORTING THE ALL-VOLUNTEER FORCE America has asked much of its All-Volunteer Force and the civilians who support that force. Therefore, we must preserve the quality of our All-Volunteer Force. This budget keeps faith with the men and women in uniform, and their families because the volunteer force is central to a strong future military. The cost of military pay and allowances, combined with military health care, comprises about one-third of the Department’s budget. These costs have been growing rapidly in recent years – up almost 90 percent since FY 2001 (about 30 percent more than growth in inflation), while active duty end strength has grown by less than 3 percent. The FY 2013 budget for the Department of Defense continues to take care of our people while addressing costs in a responsible manner. OVERSEAS CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS The FY 2013 budget requests funding needed to support deployed military forces and ensure continued progress in Afghanistan and Iraq. The historical funding picture is summarized here: Figure 1-2. Department of Defense Topline Since September 11th Attacks $ in Billions FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13* Base 296.9 328.1 364.9 376.5 400.0 410.5 431.4 479.0 513.2 527.9 528.2 530.6 525.4 13.4 16.8 72.5 90.7 75.6 115.7 166.2 186.9 145.6 162.3 158.8 115.1 88.5 5.8 -- -- 0.3 3.2 8.1 3.1 -- 7.4 0.7 -- -- -- 316.2 345.0 437.4 467.6 478.9 534.4 600.9 665.9 666.3 690.9 687.0 645.7 613.9 OCO/ Supplementals Other** Total Numbers may not add due to rounding Data is discretionary budget authority. FY 2001 through FY 2011 are actual levels. The FY 2012 is the appropriated or enacted amount. * Budget Request. ** Non-war supplemental appropriations, e.g. funding needed in base budget for fuel costs, hurricane relief, and other disaster relief. CHAPTER 1 FY 2013 BUDGET SUMMARY 1-2 Overview – FY 2013 Defense Budget FY 2013 – FY 2017 TOPLINE Figure 1-3 shows the proposed FY 2013 – FY 2017 DoD topline in this President’s Budget, as compared to last year’s FY 2012 President’s Budget. The FY 2013 topline for the years FY 2013 to FY 2017 is reduced by $259.4 billion. Figure 1-3. DoD Proposed Outyear Topline for the Base Budget FY13 – 17 TOTAL $ in Billions FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2012 PB 570.7 586.4 598.2 610.6 621.6 2,987.5 FY 2013 PB 525.4 533.6 545.9 555.9 567.3 2,728.1 Delta -45.3 -52.8 -52.3 -54.7 -54.3 -259.4 *-2.5% 0.0% +0.8% +0.2% +0.2% **-0.3% Real Growth *Real growth calculated from the FY 2012 appropriation ($530.6 billion). **Average annual real growth for FY 2013 – FY 2017. CHAPTER 1 FY 2013 BUDGET SUMMARY 1-3 Overview – FY 2013 Defense Budget This Page Left Blank Intentionally CHAPTER 1 FY 2013 BUDGET SUMMARY 1-4