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Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(3): 640-643 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 3 (2017) pp. 640-643 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Case Study https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.603.074 Investigation of Dermatophytosis from the Skin Scrapings Collected from a Cow: A Case Study Subha Ganguly1*, Parveez Ahmad Para2 and Praveen Kumar Praveen3 1 Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Arawali Veterinary College (affiliated with Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner), N.H. – 52 Jaipur Road, V.P.O. Bajor, Sikar – 332001, Rajasthan, India 2 Department of Livestock Products Technology, Arawali Veterinary College (affiliated with Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner), N.H. – 52 Jaipur Road, V.P.O. Bajor, Sikar – 332001, Rajasthan, India 3 Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Arawali Veterinary College (affiliated with Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner), N.H. – 52 Jaipur Road, V.P.O. Bajor, Sikar – 332001, Rajasthan, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Keywords Dermatophytes, Fungus, Skin scraping. Article Info Accepted: 10 February 2017 Available Online: 10 March 2017 Dermatophytosis is a superficial infection of the keratinized layers of the skin and its appendages (hair, feathers, horns) of farm, domesticated and wild animals and birds. The lesions are frequently ring shaped, hence the disease is called ring worm. The present article reports on the laboratory examination of skin scraping sample collected from a cow clinically infected with dermatophyte infection. Introduction et al., 2013). Dermatophytosis, caused by Trichophyton verrucosum is a disease that affects many species of livestock and occurs in acute or chronic forms. It is believed that the prolonged wetting is thought to be important predisposing factors (Moretti et al., 1998; Papini et al., 2009). Affected animals initially develop characteristic discrete, scaly patches of hair loss with grey-white crust that later become thickly suppurated crust with highly variable locations (Radostits et al., Some dermatophytes have great zoonotic importance, where many of them occurring primarily in animals and can be transmitted from infected animals to man (Nakamura et al., 1999). Dermatophytes are filamentous fungi which invade keratinized tissues of humans and animals, causing mild to severe, localized and/or diffuse infections. Zoophilic and Geophilic dermatophytes infect both animals and humans, whereas anthropophilic ones are mainly found on humans (Cafarchia 640 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(3): 640-643 2000). It is caused by haematogenous group of keratinophylic fungi called the dermatophytes. Dermatophytes are noninvasive cannot survive in living tissues nor in areas of intense inflammation and they have keratolytic activity. Infection is generally restricted to the non-living cornified layers. Dermatophytosis is a clinical entity caused by the members of anamorph genera Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton (Weitzman and Summerbell, 1995; Ainswoth GC, Austwick, 1973; Balows et al., 1990; Ganguly et al., 2015; Ganguly et al., 2017; Ganguly and Sharma, 2017). The sample after incubation in Sabouraud’s dextrose broth was then inoculated on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar by spread plate method. The acidity of the agar inhibited the growth of most bacteria and encouraged the growth and culture of dermatophytes (Jungerman and Schwartzman, 1972). The dermatophyte identification was made based on the colony characteristics and microscopic features of the fungal isolates according to the methods described by Rippon (1988) and Larone (1995). In addition to the dermatophytic fungi, other yeasts and molds are sometimes involved in the coetaneous infection (Beneke and Rogers, 1990). The incubated Sabouraud’s dextrose broth sample was subjected to spread plate culture on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar (SDA) media with chloramphenicol and cyclohexamide. The media was incubated at 27°C for two weeks. Staining with crystal violet dye mixed 1 part in 9 parts of KOH outlined the fungus elements and spores (arthrospores) microscopically in the scrapings. The fungal colonies were obtained on SDA followed by incubation at 35oC for 72 hours. It revealed the presence of characteristic colonies spreading in nature with characteristic greyish-white cottony woolly mycelia after incubation. On SDA media, colonies were small, button shaped, white to cream-coloured colonies with a velvety surface, raised centre and flat periphery. Results and Discussion Materials and Methods The skin scrapings were collected from the scaly and alopecic lesions on the skin of an affected cow presented for clinical examination at the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (T.V.C.C.) of Arawali Veterinary College, Sikar, during January, 2017. The collected skin scraping samples were then brought to the Department of Veterinary Microbiology for mycological examination and reporting. The samples were examined by direct microscopical examination by placing the skin scrapings and/or hairs in 20% KOH on a glass slide and gentle heating, without boiling. Boiling may cause precipitation and crystal formation that will make examination of specimens difficult (Carter and Cole, 1990). Superchrome blue-black ink or a simple stain mixed 1 part in 9 parts of KOH was used to examine the fungus elements and spores in scrapings, if any. The cover slip was placed on the preparation and examined under low power magnification. Microscopic examination of the colonies revealed positive mycotic structures spherical, pyriform to calvate often of irregular shape which is characteristic of Trichophyton spp. (Takatori et al., 1993). Several outbreaks of the disease have been reported in cattle in Kenya (Wabascha et al., 1998) and in China (Ming et al., 2006). The clinical signs observed in the present investigation were similar to the dermatophytosis in cattle as was reported by Chermette et al. (2008). The back and flank 641 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(3): 640-643 lesions occurred more frequently than on the other parts of the body. The two sites are more exposed than the other parts of the body and as a result they are more and injuries and therefore predisposing the back and flank to infection by T. verrucosum (Swai and Sanka, 2012). and mycology. Academic press, Inc. NY, Boston, London, Sydney, Tokyo, 1990. Chermette, R., Ferreiro, L. and Guillot, J. 2008. Dermatophytoses in animals. Mycopathologia, 166(5-6): 385-405. Ganguly, S., Padhy, A., Para, P.A., Sahoo, A., Sharma, S., Pandey, A.K., Praveen, P.K. and Saroj. 2015. Basic guidelines and procedures for the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of Mycotic infections in animals: A general overview of veterinary importance. J. Lab. Life Sci., 1(1): 1-10. Ganguly, S., Para, P.A. and Praveen, P.K. 2017. Dermatophyte examination of skin scrapings collected from camel: a case study. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci., 6(2): xxx-xxx. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017. 602.0xx (In press for publication in Feb.’17 issue. Ganguly, S., Para, P.A. and Praveen, P.K. 2017) Dermatophyte examination of skin scrapings collected from camel: a case study. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci., 6(2): 1731-34. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017. 602.193 Ganguly, S. and Sharma, V. 2017. Dermatophytosis in animals: an overview. Pharm. Biol. Evaluations, 4(1): 66-67. Ganguly, S. and Sharma, V. 2017. Dermatophytosis in animals: an overview. Pharm. Biol. Evaluations, 4(2): xxx-xxx (In press for publication in Jan. - Feb.’17 issue. Jungerman, P.F. and Schwartzman, R.M. 1972. Vet. Mycol., Philadephia, Lea and Febiger. Kuttin, E.S., Alhanaty, E., Feldman, M., Chaimovits, M. and Müller, J. 1986. Dermatophytosis of camels. J. Med. Vet. Mycol., 24(4): 341-44. Larone, D.H. 1995. Medically important In conclusion, the present study revealed the presence of superficial dermatophyte skin infection in the affected cow. 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