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mebooksfree.com a LANGE medical book CURRENT Practice Guidelines in Inpatient Medicine 2018–2019 Jacob A. David, MD, FAAFP Associate Program Director Ventura County Medical Center Family Medicine Residency Program Clinical Instructor, Family Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine Ventura, California New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto mebooksfree.com FM.indd 1 09-03-2018 16:55:20 Copyright © 2018 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 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This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. mebooksfree.com This book is dedicated to the VCMC Family Medicine family, and to Ken and Karen, who helped with homework. mebooksfree.com FM.indd 3 09-03-2018 16:55:20 This page intentionally left blank mebooksfree.com FM.indd 4 09-03-2018 16:55:20 Contents Contributors ix Preface xiii 1. Cardiovascular Jacob A. David, Michael D. Ramirez and Kristin H. King Adult Life Support 1 ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction 2 Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction 5 Congestive Heart Failure 8 Atrial Fibrillation 14 Supraventricular Tachycardia 18 Infective Endocarditis 23 V­al­vu­lar Heart Disease 29 2. Vascular Zachary Zwolak and James Rohlfing Venous Thromboembolism 33 Peripheral Arterial Disease 38 3. Pulmonary Zachary Zwolak and James Rohlfing Pneumonia 45 COPD Exacerbation 55 Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis 63 4. Neurology Tipu V. Khan, Seth Alkire and Samantha Chirunomula Acute Ischemic Stroke 65 Acute Hemorrhagic Stroke 70 Bacterial Meningitis 72 Encephalitis 73 Transverse Myelitis 75 ICU Delirium 76 ICU Agitation 77 ICU Pain Management 78 5. Gastroenterology Jacob A. David and John Paul Kelada Upper GI Bleeding 79 Ascites 82 Hepatic Encephalopathy 84 Alcoholic Hepatitis 85 Clostridium Difficile Infection 85 Infectious Diarrhea 86 mebooksfree.com FM.indd 5 09-03-2018 16:55:20 Contents vi Acute Pancreatitis 88 Acute Liver Failure 90 Inflammatory Bowel Disease 92 Bowel Preparation For Colonoscopy 96 6. Infectious Disease Neil Jorgensen and Marina Morie Sepsis and Septic Shock 97 Skin and Soft Tissue Infections 101 Diabetic Foot Infections 110 Influenza 118 Vertebral Osteomyelitis 122 Prosthetic Joint Infections 128 Candidiasis 135 Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy 141 New Fever in the Critically Ill Adult 142 Antibiotic Stewardship Programs 149 7. Hematology Tipu V. Khan, Seth Alkire and Samantha Chirunomula Blood Transfusion: Indications by Clinical Setting 151 Platelet Transfusion: Indications by Clinical Setting 152 Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura 153 Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura 154 Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia 155 Sickle Cell Disease: Vaso-Occlusive Crisis 157 Sickle Cell Disease: Acute Chest Syndrome 158 8. Renal Kristi M. Schoeld Acute Kidney Injury 161 9. Endocrine Kristi M. Schoeld and Paul Opare-Addo Hypothyroidism 165 Hyperthyroidism 167 Hyperglycemia 172 Hyperglycemic Crisis: Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome 175 10. Perioperative Considerations David Araujo Assessing Perioperative Cardiovascular Risk 181 Perioperative Anticoagulation 183 Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgery 185 mebooksfree.com FM.indd 6 09-03-2018 16:55:20 Contents vii 11. Prevention of Complications Jacob A. David and Kristi M. Schoeld Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis 189 Pressure Ulcers 190 Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections 190 Catheter-Related Urinary Tract Infections 191 Acute Kidney Injury 191 Choosing Wisely – Society of Hospital Medicine 195 12. End-of-Life Care Leslie-Lynn Pawson and Heather Nennig The Palliative Care Intervention 197 Index 205 mebooksfree.com FM.indd 7 09-03-2018 16:55:20 This page intentionally left blank mebooksfree.com FM.indd 8 09-03-2018 16:55:20 Contributors Seth Alkire, MD Ventura County Medical Center Family Medicine Residency Program Ventura, California Chapter 4: Neurology Chapter 7: Hematology David Araujo, MD Program Director, Ventura County Medical Center Family Medicine Residency Program Associate Clinical Professor, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine Ventura, California Chapter 1: Cardiovascular Chapter 10: Perioperative Considerations Samantha Chirunomula, MD Ventura County Medical Center Family Medicine Residency Program Ventura, California Chapter 4: Neurology Chapter 7: Hematology Jacob A. David, MD, FAAFP Associate Program Director Ventura County Medical Center Family Medicine Residency Program Clinical Instructor UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine Ventura, California Chapter 1: Cardiovascular Chapter 5: Gastroenterology Chapter 11: Prevention of Complications Neil Jorgensen, MD Core Faculty, Ventura County Medical Center Family Medicine Residency Program Ventura, California Chapter 6: Infectious Disease John Paul Kelada, MD Ventura County Medical Center Family Medicine Residency Program Ventura, California Chapter 5: Gastroenterology mebooksfree.com FM.indd 9 09-03-2018 16:55:20