Impact of front line demonstration (FLD) on the yield of japanese quails at Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu, India

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Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(12): 250-254 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 12 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.812.035 Impact of Front Line Demonstration (FLD) on the Yield of Japanese Quails at Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, India K. Devaki1*, K. Senthilkumar2 and P. R. Nisha1 1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamil Nadu veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Kattupakkam, Tamil Nadu, India 2 PGRIAS, Kattupakkam, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Keywords Japanese quail, Yield, Technology gap, Extension gap, Technology index Article Info Accepted: 04 November 2019 Available Online: 10 December 2019 Quail farming fetches income to rural youth. But lack of awareness on self employment through quail farming among rural youth, poor livelihood and non availability of quail chicks in local market were the problems identified among rural youth. Hence demonstration of Japanese Quail rearing among rural youth was conducted by KVK, Kattupakkam and the study was carried out in five villages of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu during 2017-18. All five demonstrations on Japanese quail farming were carried out by the active participation of farmers with the objective to demonstrate the improved technologies of Japanese quail production potential. The improved technologies consisting of scientific brooding of quail chicks, feeding of quality concentrate feed and providing nutritional supplements. The improved technology recorded higher yield of 222 gms at 6 weeks of age than 182 gms at 6 weeks and reduced mortality of 3 per cent than 9 percent. From the data, technology gap, extension gap and technology index were calculated. The improved technology gave higher gross return, net return with higher benefit cost ratio than farmer’s practices. Introduction Japanese quails are hardy birds that thrive in small cages and are inexpensive to keep. They are affected by common poultry diseases but are fairly disease resistant. Japanese quail mature in about 6 weeks and are usually in full egg production by 50 days of age. With proper care, hens should lay 200 eggs in their first year of lay. Life expectancy is only 2 to 2½ years. The females are characterised by light tan feathers with black speckling on the throat and 250 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(12): 250-254 upper breast. The males have rusty brown throat and breast feathers. Japanese quail eggs are a mottled brown colour and are often covered with a light blue, chalky material. Each hen appears to lay eggs with a characteristic shell pattern or colour. Some strains lay only white eggs. The average egg weighs about 10 gms. Young chicks weigh 6– 7 g when hatched and are brownish with yellow stripes. The shells are fragile, so handle with care. The farmers were trained on scientific quail rearing package of practices such as of scientific brooding of quail chicks, feeding of quality concentrate feed and providing nutritional supplements. The data on quail chick mortality, marketing weight, feed intake and BCR were recorded and analysed using simple statistical tools. In addition the technology gap, extension gap and technology index were also calculated as follows (Samui et al., 2000): Quail rearing is a very important component in dry land farming system. Quail farming is the best alternative farming practice for rural and urban youth and women farmers. With very low investments quail rearing can be made into a profitable venture for small and marginal farmers. In Tamil Nadu, quails are reared for meat purpose only. But the production parameters of the quails reared in rural areas are lower than the recognised strains such as Nandanam quail III which was released by TANUVAS in 2004. Hence, a front line demonstration was carried out to popularize TANUVAS-Nandanam quail III among rural youth in Kancheepuram district. Technology gap Demonstration yield Materials and Methods In this front line demonstration (FLD), five villages namely Kovilanchery, Sithalapakkam, Chitlapakkam, Karanai puducherry and Kattankulathur were selected for the study. From each village, one farmer was selected for the demonstration. Materials distributed for the present study with respect to FLD for each farmer were as follows:Quail chicks-100 Nos., from Poultry Research Station, Madhavaram Quail brooder mash-20 kg from TANUVAS – CFTU, Kattupakkam = Potential yield- Extension gap = Demonstration yield-Farmers yield Technology index (%) = Technology gap x 100 Potential yield Results and Discussion Production The average market wt., of Japanese quail was 221.8 gms, which was higher than the average yield of farmers practices (182 gms). Islam and Nath (2013) also found that the FLD programme had a positive impact over the local birds by the Vanaraja poultry birds at Sivasagar District of Assam. The potential yield of the Nanadam III quail is 247 gms. The average percentage increase in the yield over farmer’s practices was 21.98 per cent. The results indicated that the front line demonstrations have given a good impact over the farming community of Kancheepuram district as they were motivated by the new scientic technologies applied in the FLD of Japanese quail production (Table 1). This finding is in corroboration with the findings of Raj et al., (2013). Quail feeder and quail waterer-1 no. each 251 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(12): 250-254 Technology gap The technology gap in the demonstration yield over potential yield was 25 gms. The technological gap may be attributed to the dissimilarity in weather conditions (Mukharjee, 2003). Extension gap The highest extension gap of 40 gms was recorded in this FLD (Table 2). This clearly showed that the practicing quail farmers need to be educated on improved quail production technologies to reverse this trend of wide extension gap. This finding is in corroboration with the findings of Rachhoya et al., (2018). Technology Index The technology index was 10.12 per cent (Table 2). The feasibility of the evolved technology at the farmer’s field is depicted by the technology index. As the technology index is low in this case, this clearly shows the feasibility of the technology (Raj et al., 2013). Economic return The inputs and outputs prices of goods during the study of demonstrations were taken for calculating gross return, cost of production, net return and benefit: cost ratio (Table 3). The production of Japanese quails (NanadamIII strain) under improved technologies gave higher net return of Rs.1617 per month as compared to farmers practices. The benefit cost ratio of Japanese quail production under improved technologies was 1.92, as compared to 1.62 under farmers practices. This may be due to higher yields obtained under improved technologies compared to local check (farmers practice). This finding is in corroboration with the findings of Mokidue et al., (2011). Table.1 Average marketing weight, feed efficiency and income from quail farming S. No. Farmers list Marketing weight (gms) Check Demo Feed efficiency (gms) Check Demo Mortality rate (in per cent) Check Demo BCR Check Demo 1 2 3 Farmer-1 Farmer-2 Farmer-3 190 170 180 215 207 240 700 800 600 600 650 600 10 9 8 2 5 4 1.67 1.46 1.94 1.94 1.79 1.94 4 5 Farmer-4 Farmer-5 Average 190 180 182 237 210 221.8 800 750 730 650 550 610 8 10 9 3 2 3 1.46 1.56 1.62 1.79 2.12 1.92 Table.2 Yield, technological gap, technological index and extension gap of demonstration Variables Local check Demonstrations Yield (gms) 182 221.8 Increase over local check (%) 21.98 Technological Technological Extension gap (in gms) index (%) gap (in gms) 25 10.12 40 252 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(12): 250-254 Table.3 Gross return, cost of production, Net return and B:C ratio as affected by improved and local technologies Farmers list Farmer-1 Cost of Prodn. Check Demo 1890 1764 Gross return Check Demo 3150 3430 Net return Check Demo 1260 1666 BCR Check Demo 1.67 1.94 Farmer-2 2184 1853 3185 3325 1001 1472 1.46 1.79 Farmer-3 1656 1728 3220 3360 1564 1344 1.94 1.94 Farmer-4 2208 1892 3220 3395 1012 1503 1.46 1.79 Farmer-5 2025 1617 3150 3430 1125 1813 1.56 2.12 Average 1993 1771 3185 3388 1192 1617 1.62 1.92 The farmers income was increased as the marketing weight of the quails were increased. They sold the quails and their eggs in the nearby market where there is a great demand. They also used these eggs for his household consumption. The farmers were satisfied in raising these quails and started to purchase quail chicks for next batch. Hence awareness was created among the rural youth on quail rearing which in turn creates them employment throughout the year to improve their livelihood status. The beneficiaries were very happy with the KVK intervention and they successfully utilised their leisure time for generating lucrative income with minimum expenditure. After witnessing success of the beneficiaries of these five villages, other neighbouring farmers from surrounding villages have shown their interest for adopting this strain of quail. References Islam, R., & Nath, P. (2015). Impact of Training Programmes and Frontline Demonstration on Adoption of Vanaraja Birds in Sivasagar District of Assam. Veterinary Research International, 3(1), 16-19. Mokidue I, Mohanty AK. and Sanjay, K (2011) Correlating growth, yield and adoption of urd bean technologies. Indian J. Ex. Edu. 11(2): 20-24. Mukherjee N (2003) Participatory, learning and action. Concept, Publishing Company, New Delhi, Pp.63-65. Rachhoya, H. K., Sharma, M., & Saini, V. K. (2018). Impact of Cluster Front Line Demonstrations on Productivity and Profitability of Chickpea in Desert of Rajasthan, India. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 7(6), 1860-1864. Raj, A. D., Yadav, V., & Rathod, J. H. (2013). Impact of front line demonstration (FLD) on the yield of pulses. International J. Sci. and Res, 9(3), 1-4. Samui SK, Maitra S, Roy DK, Mondal AK and Saha D (2000) Evaluation on front line demonstration on groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). J. of Indian Soc. of Coastal Agriculture Research 18: 180-183. 253 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(12): 250-254 How to cite this article: Devaki, K., K. Senthilkumar and Nisha, P. R. 2019. Impact of Front Line Demonstration (FLD) on the Yield of Japanese Quails at Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 8(12): 250-254. doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.812.035 254
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