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Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(2): 874-890 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 2 (2017) pp. 874-890 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.602.098 Effect of Zn, Fe and FYM on Interaction between Zn and Fe on Nutrient Content, Uptake and Yield of Different Varieties of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Uma Shanker Ram, S.K. Singh*, V.K. Srivastava and J.S. Bohra Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, U.P. – 221005, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Keywords Rice, Fertilizer, Micronutrient, Yield and uptake. Article Info Accepted: 18 January 2017 Available Online: 10 February 2017 The field experiment were carried out using split plot design with three replication during kharif 2006-07 and 2007-08 to investigate the effect of varieties and Zn, Fe and FYM on nutrient content, uptake and yield of rice (Oryza sativa). The experiment consisted of two level of varieties (V1:NDR-359, V2:HUBR-2-1) and two fertilizer source (F1:RFD100, F2:RFD75+FYM25) in main plot and nine level of micronutrient combination (M 0:0, M1:ZnEDTA1, M2:Zn-EDTA0.5, M3:Fe-EDTA1, M4:Fe-EDTA0.5, M5:Zn-EDTA1+Fe-EDTA1, M6:Zn-EDTA0.5+Fe-EDTA0.5, M7:Zn-EDTA1+Fe-EDTA0.5, M8:Fe-EDTA1+Zn-EDTA0.5) allotted in sub-plot. Among the different testing varieties, V1:(NDR-359) recorded highest yield and NPK content in grain, while significant content of Zn and Fe recorded in HUBR2-1. Among different fertilizer sources, nutrient supplied through RFD 75+FYM25 was record improvement in Zn and Fe content and uptake in grain and straw of rice. The significantly high content of Zn and their uptake in grain recorded under supply through the micronutrient level M7 (Zn:EDTA1+Fe-EDTA0.5). Whereas foliar application of M4:FeEDTA0.5 at 15 DAT and 50% panicle initiation significantly increased Fe content and uptake in grain and straw. Interaction effect of HUBR-2-1 and RFD75+FYM25 with single application of Zn-EDTA1 through soil recorded significant zinc content in grain. It can be concluded that the NDR-359 was found the high yielding rice cultivar responding to RFD75+FYM25 along with supply of micronutrient as Zn-EDTA1+Fe-EDTA0.5 in alluvial soil of Uttar Pradesh. Introduction country has witnessed some increase in productivity but to meet our expected demand of 140 MT by the end of 2020, it warrants further intensified efforts to increase the production and productivity of the crops. However, imbalanced use of nutrients, giving much emphasis to supplement the soil with the micronutrients, may lead to widespread deficiencies of other nutrients, particularly micronutrients under intensive cultivation. The deficiency of micronutrients has become Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivated in 114 of the 193 countries of the world and considers one of the most important cereal crops in India. The amount needed from it is greater than that locally produced. Therefore, increasing its productivity as well as cultivated area is highly recommended. Plants require specific amount of certain nutrients in specific form at appropriate time, for their growth and development. In India rice productivity is still very low. During the last few decades, though 874 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(2): 874-890 major constraints to productivity, stability, sustainability and fertility of soil. Large variation in the content of iron and zinc in grains of rice varieties, have been observed. deficiency of Zn have been reported due to decreased absorption of Zn by plants (Rashid et al., 1976). Such soils are widely distributed in the states of Uttar Pradesh of these soils occasionally show toxic concentrations of available Fe and marginal concentrations of available Zn for rice and under such a situation liming is generally recommended to raise rice crop successfully. However, the effects of high content of Fe and application of lime on Zn availability in such soils are not fully known, particularly for upland conditions. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this paper to study interaction effects of rice for Zn and Fe on grain and straw yields and on Zn and Fe content in upland rice. The aromatic cultivars have consistently higher concentration of iron and zinc in grain than the non-aromatic types (Graham et al., 1997). In general iron density in rice varied from 7-24 mg kg-1 and that of zinc between 16-58 mg kg-1. However, nearly in all the widely grown varieties content of Zn and Fe remained 12 and 22 mg kg-1 for iron and zinc respectively (Senadhira and Graham, 1999). Red rice genotypes showed higher iron and zinc concentration as compared to white rice. The role of N nutrition in biofortification of grain with Zn and Fe is a highly relevant issue in terms of designing new fertilizer programs for increasing Zn and Fe content in grain. Improving N nutrition of plants may contribute to grain Zn and Fe concentrations by affecting the levels of Zn-or Fe-chelating nitrogenous compounds required for transport of Zn and Fe within plants and/or the abundance of Zn and Fe transporters needed for root uptake and phloem loading of Zn and Fe. Finally, the results indicate that nitrogen management represents an effective agronomic tool to contribute to grain Zn and Fe concentrations (Ismail Cakmak, 2010). Under such conditions, soil application of micronutrients can be very expensive. The macro and micro-nutrients added to the soil, their availability will be affected by the soil environmental factors. Foliar feeding technique, as a particular way to supply these nutrients could avoid these factors and results in rapid absorption. Foliar feeding of micronutrients generally is more effective and less costly. It is well known that soil application of NPK fertilizers may lead to some losses of these fertilizers. The reported experiment was undertaken to study the effect of soil and foliar application of micronutrients on interaction between Zn and Fe content and uptake of rice crop to improve the nutritional status of plants. Zinc-iron interaction has been reported in many crops. Lee et al., (1969) observed that completion sites exists between Fe+3 and Zn+2 while Brar and Sekhon (1976) reported that inhibitory effect of Fe on Zn absorption was non-competitive and translocation of Zn decreased with increased Fe levels. However, postulated that Zn may be bound in the soil through Fe/Al phosphate bridges, which are not readily available to plants. Few of such studies, refer to rice which, being physiologically different, responds differently to nutrient interactions. Under reduced conditions, increased availability of Fe and Materials and Methods The field experiments were conducted in SPD design during kharif 2006-07 and 2007-08, at the Department of Agronomy, Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi. The experiment consisted of two levels of varieties (V1:NDR-359, V2:HUBR-2-1), two level of fertilizer source (F1:RFD100, 875 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(2): 874-890 F2:RFD75+FYM25) arranged in main plot and nine level of micronutrient supply through soil and foliar application viz. M0:0 (control), M1:Zn-EDTA1 (Zn as soil application through Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1), M2:Zn-EDTA0.5 (Zn as foliar application through Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1), M3:Fe-EDTA1 (Fe as soil application through Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha1 ), M4:Fe-EDTA0.5 (Fe as foliar application through Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1), M5:ZnEDTA1+Fe-EDTA1 (Zn as soil application through Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 + Fe as soil application through Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha1 ), M6:Zn-EDTA0.5+Fe-EDTA0.5 (Zn as foliar application through Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 followed by Fe as foliar application through Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1), M7:Zn-EDTA+FeEDTA0.5 (Zn as soil application through ZnEDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 followed by Fe as foliar application through Fe-EDTAat 0.5 kg ha-1), M8:Fe-EDTA1+Zn-EDTA0.5 (Fe as soil application through Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 followed by Zn as foliar application through Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1) allotted in sub-plot design. There were 36 treatment combinations, each replicated for three times. One hundred eight plots were prepared and planted test crop on a spacing of 20 x 10 cm with two seedling hill-1. treatment. Half of N, total of quantity of phosphorus, potassium, FYM and Zn-EDTA, Fe-EDTA (as soil application) were applied as basal at the time of transplanting and the remaining half was top dressed in two equal amounts at maximum tillering and at flowering stages. The foliar application of ZnEDTA and Fe-EDTA each at 0.5 kg ha-1 were applied in two splits at 15 days after transplanting and at 50% at panicle initiation stage. Soil of experimental field was alluvium, neutral in pH (7.3), low in available nitrogen (190.56 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorus (20.58 kg ha-1) and exchangeable K (223.87 kg ha-1). While content of Zn (0.89 kg ha-1), and Fe (20.67 kg ha-1) were deficient. Observation on nutrient content and uptake (Zn and Fe) were done at 90 days after transplanting. Estimation of N, P, K, Zn and Fe, respectively were done by the methods given by Zn and Fe (L’vov, 2005). Results and Discussion Data revealed that variety NDR-359 produced significantly higher grain yield and straw yield. Slight varietal differences were observed in N, P and K content of grain. Variety NDR-359 recorded higher N and P content than HUBR 2-1, but it recorded significantly higher K content in grain. In non-aromatic rice varieties, about 73% of N was translocated to grain and rest remained in the straw while in aromatic cultivars translocation of N to grain was only 47% (De et al., 2002). Application of N, P, K with micronutrients Zn and Fe are known to increase the uptake or content of N, P, K, Zn and Fe (Ganghaih et al., 1999). However, micronutrient (Zn and Fe) content of variety HUBR 2-1 proved significantly superior to NDR-359 (Table 1 and Fig. 1). Variety, HUBR 2-1 recorded maximum zinc and iron in grains because it is aromatic in nature For which the nursery beds was prepared on leveled and slightly raised ground (5 cm high) having a small plot of 22 m2 for growing rice seedling. The healthy seed of test cultivar NDR-359 and HUBR-2-1 (Malviya Basmati1) were sown separately by broad casting method at 25-30 kg ha-1. As source of nutrients, 75% of recommended dose of 120 kg Nitrogen 60 kg P2O5 and 60 Kg K2O from the source of urea, diammonium phosphate and muriate of potash respectively, and 50 Qtl FYM (25% N though organic manure. While Zn-EDTA and Fe-EDTA at 1 kg ha-1 were incorporated thoroughly mixed into the soil whereas 0.5 kg ha-1 Zn-EDTA and Fe-EDTA were applied as foliar application as per 876 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(2): 874-890 which supported the fact that zinc and iron concentrations remain higher in grains due to aromatic nature of the variety. These findings are strongly supported by Babu et al., 2005). organic matter showed profound influence on the solubility of Fe in waterlogged soil by providing resistance to Fe chlorosis (Singh et al., 2010 and Das et al., 2010). It is thus apparent that application and maintenance of organic matter in the soil translates adequate long term availability of Fe. Improving N nutrition of plants may contribute to increase Zn and Fe concentration in grain by affecting the levels of Zn or Fe-chelating nitrogenous compound, required for transport of Zn and Fe within plants, which increased Zn and Fe transporters needed for its uptake by root and phloem loading. It indicates that nitrogen management is an effective agronomic tool to enhance grain Zn and Fe concentrations. The present results are in agreement with the findings of Cakmak (2010). It is well known that the application of N,P, K, micronutrients along with FYM in proper combinations might increase and synthesize, various volatile aromatic compound found in rice, responsible for its aroma. Among which 2-Acetyle-1-Pyrroline (2-AP) is the most significant. Considerable improvement in grain quality of aromatic rice was recorded under combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizers as compared to 100% RFD through inorganic fertilizers (Sahu et al., 2007). Application of 75% RFD through inorganic + 25% N through FYM recorded significantly higher grain yield of 5.40 t ha-1 over 100% RFD through inorganic (4.97 t ha-1) (Table 2). Application of 75% RFD+25% N through FYM sources of fertilizers also produced relatively higher straw yield (7.54 t ha-1) as compared to 100% recommended fertilizer dose sources of fertilizers at crop harvest (Table 2). It may be due to slow release of nutrients for a longer period after decomposition of FYM, which favored better plant growth and improved the yield components of rice. Improvement in all above yield attributes and yield has also been reported by Gupta et al., (2009). Application of 75% RFD through inorganic sources + 25% N through FYM proved significantly superior in increasing P, K, Zn and Fe content in grain over 100% RFD through inorganics whereas N content remained statistically at par with 100% recommended fertilizer dose (Table 3). The present results are in agreement with the findings of Srivastava et al., (2008) and Chandrapala et al., (2010). Organic sources also improved the content of Fe by supplying chelating agents, which helps in maintaining the solubility of micronutrients including Fe. The response of Application of Zn and Fe in combination with FYM and recommended dose of N, P, K significantly influenced the yield (Table 2; Fig. 2). Similarly combined application of ZnEDTA at 1.00 Kg ha-1 followed by FeEDTAat 0.5 Kg ha-1 applied as foliar recorded significantly higher grain and straw yield over the single or combined application of ZnEDTA and Fe-EDTA. Participation of Zn in biosynthesis of indole acetic acid (IAA) and its role in initiation of primordial reproductive parts and partitioning of photosynthates towards them are responsible for increased yield (Takaki and Kushizaki, 1970). The favorable influence of applied Zn on yield may be due to its catalytic or stimulatory effect on most of the physiological and metabolic process of plants (Mandal et al., 2009). Iron as a constituent of the electron transport enzymes, like cytochromes and ferredoxin are actively involved in photosynthesis and mitochondrial respiration. It is also a constituent of the enzymes catalase and peroxidase, which catalyze the breakdown of H2O2 (peroxide released during photorespiration) into H2O and O2, preventing H2O2 toxicity. Iron along with molybdenum, 877 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(2): 874-890 is an element of the nitrite and nitrate reductase enzymes. Thus, iron helps in the utilization of nitrogen. All these physiological processes proved instrumental in increasing yield by application of iron. Incorporation of micronutrient (Zn-EDTA and Fe-EDTA) proved significantly superior to control in increasing N, P, K content in grains of rice (Table 3). Application of Zn-EDTA at 1 Kg ha-1 in soil followed by Fe-EDTA at 0.5 Kg ha-1 as foliar spray in two splits recorded maximum N, P and K content in grain of rice and proved superior over other treatments whereas, it remained at par with Zn-EDTA at 0.5 Kg ha-1 followed by at 0.5 Kg ha-1 FeEDTA as foliar application. Rest of the treatment combinations remained almost on par. Increase in nutrient uptake with the increased fertility levels could be attributed to better availability of nutrients and their transport to the plant from the soil. Incorporation of Zn-EDTA at 1.00 Kg ha-1 as soil application showed significant superiority over all treatments in increasing Zn content in grain. The zinc and iron content in rice grains were recorded maximum with their separate application and minimum under control, whereas combined and sequential applications of Zn-EDTA and Fe-EDTA slightly decreased Zn and Fe concentrations in grains as compared to their separate applications reported by Verma and Tripathi (1983). Jana et al., (2010) also observed that soil application of Zn-EDTA led to higher content and uptake of N, P, K and Zn in grain and straw of rice. Alvarez et al., (2001) reported that when Zn was added as Zn-EDTA, the amounts of the most labile fractions (watersoluble plus exchangeable and organically complexed Zn) increased throughout the entire soil profile column, which enhanced the root-cell membrane function. Activity of carbonic anhydrase (CA) is closely related to Zn content in C3 plants (Pearson et al., 1995). Under extreme Zn deficiency, carbonic anhydrase activity remained almost absent. The labeled Zn rapidly accumulated in the roots of cereal crops upon immersion into the isotope solution. Root uptake and root-toshoot transport of zinc and particularly internal utilization of zinc are equally important mechanism involved in the expression of zinc efficiency in cereal crops varieties. Since flag leaves are one of the sources of remobilized metals for developing seeds, the identification of the molecular players that might contribute to the process of metal transport from flag leaves to the seeds may be useful for biofortification purposes in relation to Zn and Fe (Sperotto et al., 2010). Foliar application of Fe in two splits produced highest Fe content in grain and proved significantly superior to all other combinations. Concurrently, incorporation of Zn-EDTA at 1 Kg ha-1 in soil and foliar application of Fe- EDTA at 0.5 Kg ha-1 showed next best affectivity in increasing Fe content over other treatments. Uptake of Zn or Fe, however, was reduced in combined soil as well as foliar applications of Zn and Fe which remarkably increased when applied to soil individually. This indicated antagonism between these two micronutrients when applied in combination. Further, Fe content improved due to application of N through organic sources which might be due to maintenance of better soil aeration and the solubility of micronutrients. Based on overall findings, it may be concluded that Zn-EDTA as soil and Fe-EDTA as foliar applied in rice contributed marked increase in yield associated with grain micronutrient content (Zn and Fe) along with their uptake as compared to other treatments and finally significantly balancing in ionic composition. Interaction effect between variety, fertilizer and micronutrient content in grain On Zn content The significant interaction between variety and Zn content (V×M) was recorded in grain of rice (Table 1). 878 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(2): 874-890 Table.1 Effect of Zn, Fe and FYM on grain yield and straw yield of rice Grain yield (q ha-1) Treatments Straw yield (qha-1) 2006 2007 Pooled 2006 2007 Pooled Varieties V1: NDR – 359 54.50 55.61 55.05 73.78 76.25 75.01 V2: HUBR 2-1 47.22 50.27 48.75 70.93 73.76 72.34 SEm± 1.22 0.92 1.06 0.69 0.71 0.70 CD (P = 0.05) 4.23 3.18 3.66 2.39 2.47 2.42 F1: %RFD 100 49.37 50.13 49.75 70.58 73.33 71.96 F2: RFD 75 + FYM25 52.35 55.76 54.06 74.13 76.69 75.41 SEm± 1.22 0.92 1.06 0.69 0.71 0.70 CD (P = 0.05) NS 3.18 3.66 2.39 2.47 2.42 Fertilizers Micro-nutrient (Zn and Fe) M0: Control 42.89 44.13 43.49 64.72 65.14 65.83 M1: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) 52.20 54.33 53.25 72.88 76.41 74.65 M2: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) 50.27 52.84 51.60 70.88 75.34 73.11 M3: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) 49.36 52.07 50.71 70.55 74.01 72.28 51.81 53.62 52.72 72.73 76.05 74.39 M5: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha (S) + Fe-EDTA at 1.00kg (S) ha-1 51.89 53.80 52.85 73.61 76.23 74.92 M6: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) 52.39 54.57 53.48 74.64 76.51 75.58 M7: Zn-EDTA 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) 55.26 57.28 56.27 77.57 79.46 78.52 M8: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1(S) fb Zn-EDTA at0.5 kg ha-1 (F) 51.68 53.84 52.76 73.60 75.93 74.77 SEm± 0.89 0.79 0.83 0.64 0.67 0.65 CD (P = 0.05) 2.52 2.24 2.35 1.80 1.90 1.84 M4: -1 Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha (F) -1 *RFD-Recommended significant Fertilizers Dose, S-Soil application, 879 F-foliar application, fb-Followed by, NS-Non- Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(2): 874-890 Table.2a Interaction effect between variety and micronutrient (Zn and Fe) on zinc content (ppm) by grain of rice during 2006 and 2007 Zn and Fe Application (V x M) M0: Control M1: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M2: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M3: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M4: Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M5: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) + Fe-EDTA at 1.00kg (S) ha-1 M6: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M7: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M8: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) SEm± M at same level of V V at same or different level of M 2006 2007 V1 (NDR-359) 142.17 158.65 V2 (HUBR 2-1) 149.66 186.11 V1 (NDR-359) 147.58 169.70 V2 (HUBR 2-1) 154.06 191.85 157.10 142.64 178.19 168.77 162.75 147.94 184.35 174.71 150.63 152.14 167.75 171.76 163.38 171.87 164.42 181.49 155.73 170.77 163.33 172.79 157.22 174.21 162.27 178.28 144.95 154.15 150.98 172.38 SEm± 1.76 2.18 CD (P = 0.05) 4.98 6.75 SEm± 1.85 2.28 CD (P = 0.05) 5.22 7.05 Table.2b Interaction effect between fertilizer and micronutrient on zinc content of rice grain (ppm) 2007 Zn and Fe Application (F x M) M0: Control M1: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M2: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M3: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M4: Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M5: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) + Fe-EDTA at 1.00kg (S) ha-1 M6: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M7: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M8: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M at same level of F F at same or different micronutrient (M) 880 F1 143.02 174.78 168.70 153.49 159.47 170.46 F2 158.63 184.77 175.40 169.16 169.38 178.56 161.60 177.03 164.74 182.31 157.21 168.06 1.85 2.28 5.23 7.05 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(2): 874-890 Table.2c Interaction between variety, fertilizer and micronutrient (Zn and Fe) on Zn content (ppm) by rice grain during 2006 Zn and Fe Application (V×F×M) M0: Control M1: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M2: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M3: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M4: Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M5: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) + Fe-EDTA at 1.00kg (S) ha-1 M6: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M7: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M8: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M at same level of V F V F at same or different level of M V1F1 V1F2 V2F1 V2F2 135.630 153.540 148.710 163.760 141.490 180.370 157.830 191.850 151.350 139.620 162.840 145.660 170.840 155.960 185.530 181.570 136.420 145.580 164.830 158.690 161.680 168.330 173.820 175.180 147.890 163.560 168.700 172.840 145.780 168.650 169.720 178.690 137.990 151.910 145.730 162.570 2.49 3.09 7.04 9.54 Table.3a Interaction effect between variety and micronutrient on Fe content (ppm) in grain of rice during 2006 and 2007 Zn and Fe Application (V × M) M0: Control M1: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M2: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M3: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M4: Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M5: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) + Fe-EDTA at 1.00kg (S) ha-1 M6: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M7: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M8: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M at same level of V V at same or different level of M 2006 2007 V1 (NDR-359) 35.74 40.85 V2 (HUBR 2-1) 39.06 45.64 V1 (NDR-359) 39.00 43.50 V2 (HUBR 2-1) 42.55 47.41 56.27 42.53 55.10 49.74 63.21 48.35 57.78 51.46 66.25 53.80 85.68 59.24 73.34 59.55 95.31 60.97 58.15 67.31 62.41 71.37 53.38 76.91 55.35 82.27 51.61 67.71 56.29 70.72 0.65 0.78 1.84 2.40 0.70 0.84 1.98 2.59 881 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(2): 874-890 Table.3b Interaction effect between fertilizers and micronutrient (Zn and Fe) on Fe content (ppm) by rice grain during 2006 and 2007 Zn and Fe Application (F × M) 2006 F M0: Control M1: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M2: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M3: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M4: Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M5: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) + Fe-EDTA at 1.00kg (S) ha-1 M6: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M7: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M8: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M at same level of F F at same or different level of M 2007 F 1 F 2 1 F 2 35.20 39.79 39.60 46.70 39.57 40.90 41.98 50.02 48.67 44.19 62.70 48.09 53.02 47.38 67.97 52.42 69.18 54.32 82.75 58.72 74.37 58.28 94.28 62.24 57.20 68.25 57.71 76.07 59.56 70.73 61.79 75.84 56.06 63.26 59.61 67.40 0.65 0.78 1.84 2.40 0.70 0.84 1.98 2.59 Table.3c Interaction effect between variety, fertilizers and micronutrient (Zn and Fe) on Fe content (ppm) by rice grain during 2006 Zn and Fe Application (V×F× M) 2006 VF VF VF VF 33.650 37.820 37.830 43.870 36.750 41.750 41.370 49.520 45.860 40.480 66.670 44.580 51.470 47.890 58.730 51.590 62.530 51.960 69.970 55.640 75.830 56.680 95.530 61.800 53.520 62.770 60.880 73.7300 50.940 55.810 68.180 85.640 48.330 54.880 63.780 71.630 1 1 M0: Control M1: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M2: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M3: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M4: Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M5: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) + Fe-EDTA at 1.00kg (S) ha-1 M6: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M7: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M8: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M at same level of V F VF at same or different level of M 1 2 0.92 1.11 2 1 2.61 3.39 882 2 2 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(2): 874-890 Table.3d Interaction effect between variety, fertilizers and micronutrient (Zn and Fe) on Fe content (ppm) by rice grain during 2007 Zn and Fe Application (V×F× M) 2007 VF VF VF VF 37.560 38.220 40.430 48.780 41.570 43.570 43.530 51.250 51.780 44.840 74.630 51.850 54.250 49.920 61.310 52.990 66.350 57.690 80.330 61.400 82.380 58.860 108.230 63.080 56.320 68.500 59.100 83.630 54.490 56.210 69.080 95.460 51.130 61.440 68.080 73.360 1 1 M0: Control M1: Zn-EDTA at1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M2: Zn-EDTA at0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M3: Fe-EDTA at1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M4: Fe-EDTA at0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M5: Zn-EDTA at1.00 kg ha-1 (S) + Fe-EDTA at1.00kg (S) ha-1 M6: Zn-EDTA at0.5 kg ha-1 (F) fb Fe-EDTA at0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M7: Zn-EDTA at1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Fe-EDTA at0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M8: Fe-EDTA at1.00 kg ha-1(S) fb Zn-EDTA at0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M at same level of V F V F at same or different level of M 1 2 2 1 0.99 1.19 2 2 2.80 3.36 Table.3e Interaction effect between variety, fertilizers and micronutrient (Zn and Fe) on total Fe uptake (kgha-1) by rice during 2006. Zn and Fe Application (V×F×M) M0: Control M1: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M2: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M3: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) M4: Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M5: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) + Fe-EDTA at 1.00kg (S) ha-1 M6: Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M7: Zn-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha-1 (S) fb Fe-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M8: Fe-EDTA at 1.00 kg ha1 (S) fb Zn-EDTA at 0.5 kg ha-1 (F) M at same level of V F V F at same or different level of M 2006 V1F1 1.007 1.337 V1F2 1.117 1.632 V2F1 1.151 1.444 V2F2 1.260 2.028 1.184 1.435 1.591 1.561 1.412 1.535 1.683 2.417 1.673 1.376 1.998 1.624 2.250 1.855 2.886 2.197 1.475 1.837 2.086 2.623 1.485 1.786 2.378 2.779 1.316 1.699 1.676 2.517 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 883