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GAIL STEIN Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-HIll Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-142863-1 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-141422-3 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. 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Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. DOI: 10.1036/0071428631 This book is dedicated to: My wonderfully patient and supportive husband, Douglas My incredibly loving, understanding, and proud sons, Eric and Michael My proud parents, Jack and Sara Bernstein My creative sister and her family, Susan, Jay, and Zachary Opperman My superior consultant and advisor, Roger H. Herz My good friend and supporter, Christina Levy My seventh-grade buddy, who kept my interest in French alive, Ray Elias This page intentionally left blank. For more information about this title, click here. Contents Introduction 24:00 23:00 22:00 Focusing on Pronunciation xiii 1 Master These Skills Perfecting Your Pronunciation Stress Liaison Elision Accents Vowels Nasals Non-Nasal Combinations Consonants A Final Suggestion Time’s Up! 1 2 2 2 2 3 4 6 9 9 13 13 Recognizing and Using Nouns 15 Master These Skills Gender Noun Markers Nouns Cognates Time’s Up! 15 16 16 19 26 28 Working with Present-Tense Verbs 29 Master These Skills Subject Nouns and Pronouns Verbs Shoe Verbs 29 30 31 36 v Copyright 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click Here for Terms of Use. CONTENTS 21:00 20:00 19:00 Irregular Verbs Uses of the Present Tense Time’s Up! 39 45 45 The Past Tense (The Passé Composé) 47 Master These Skills Forming the Passé Composé with Avoir Using the Passé Composé with Être Forming the Passé Composé with Être Special Verbs The Imperfect Deciding When to Use the Passé Composé or the Imperfect The Pluperfect The Passé Simple (The Past Definite) Time’s Up! 47 48 50 51 52 53 55 58 59 61 Back to the Future: Speaking Conditionally 63 Master These Skills The Future The Future Perfect The Conditional The Past Conditional Conditional Sentences Time’s Up! 63 64 67 67 69 70 72 Using Adjectives and Adverbs 73 Master These Skills Making Adjectives Feminine Past Participles Used as Adjectives Forming Irregular Adjectives Special Forms Making Adjectives Plural Position of Adjectives Adjectives with Different Meanings Adverbs Exceptions to the Rules Adverbs Not Formed from Adjectives 73 74 76 76 79 79 80 81 83 84 85 vi CONTENTS 18:00 17:00 16:00 Adverbs of Quantity Position of Adverbs Time’s Up! 87 87 88 Making Acquaintances 89 Master These Skills Greetings and Good-Byes Reflexive Verbs Origins Nationalities The Family Showing Possession Time’s Up! 89 90 91 95 97 98 99 102 Inviting and Replying with Verbs and Prepositions 103 Master These Skills Verbs for Invitations Prepositions Places Stress Pronouns Extending an Invitation Accepting an Invitation Refusing an Invitation Expressing Indecision and Indifference No Ne . . . pas with Reflexive Verbs Time’s Up! 103 104 105 107 108 109 110 111 111 112 112 113 Working with Numbers 115 Master These Skills Cardinal Numbers Nouns of Number Pronunciation Guide Ordinal Numbers Days, Months, and Seasons Telling Time Time’s Up! 115 116 117 118 118 119 122 125 vii CONTENTS 15:00 14:00 13:00 Offering Ideas and Issuing Commands 127 Master These Skills Making Proposals Giving Commands Giving and Receiving Directions Using the Pronoun Y Using Idioms Positive Reinforcement Complaints Using Ce + Être or Il Est Time’s Up! 127 128 129 130 133 135 135 136 136 138 Using French Around the Home 139 Master These Skills House and Home Chores Getting Help in a Store Devoir—to Have to Impersonal Expressions Understanding and Forming the Present Subjunctive The Past Subjunctive Offering Encouragement Time’s Up! 139 140 141 142 143 144 144 149 149 150 Asking Questions 151 Master These Skills Asking Yes/No Questions Information Questions Using Il Y A Asking for Directions Asking for a Price Questioning New Acquaintances Lack of Communication Time’s Up! 151 152 155 159 159 160 160 161 162 viii CONTENTS 12:00 11:00 10:00 Answering Questions 163 Master These Skills Answering Yes Answering No Negative Expressions Answering Information Questions On the Phone Phone Problems Time’s Up! 163 164 164 167 168 172 173 174 Seeking Help 175 Master These Skills Getting Help Anywhere At the Post Office At the Hair Salon At the Dry Cleaner’s At the Optician’s At the Camera Store At the Jeweler’s Special Services and Needs Time’s Up! 175 176 176 178 179 179 180 181 181 183 Working with Pronouns 185 Master These Skills Making Suggestions Leisure Activities Going to the Movies and Watching Television Invariable Demonstrative Pronouns (Ceci, Cela, Ce, and Ça) Object Pronouns Positive Feelings Using the Subjunctive to Express Emotions and Feelings Time’s Up! 185 186 186 187 ix 188 188 194 195 196