Nội dung

Cisco AVVID Network Infrastructure IP Multicast Design Solutions Reference Network Design March, 2003 Corporate Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Tel: 408 526-4000 800 553-NETS (6387) Fax: 408 526-4100 Customer Order Number: 956651 THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS. THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY. The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCB’s public domain version of the UNIX operating system. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1981, Regents of the University of California. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH ALL FAULTS. CISCO AND THE ABOVE-NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE. IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. CCIP, the Cisco Powered Network mark, the Cisco Systems Verified logo, Cisco Unity, Follow Me Browsing, FormShare, Internet Quotient, iQ Breakthrough, iQ Expertise, iQ FastTrack, the iQ Logo, iQ Net Readiness Scorecard, Networking Academy, ScriptShare, SMARTnet, TransPath, and Voice LAN are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play, and Learn, Discover All That’s Possible, The Fastest Way to Increase Your Internet Quotient, and iQuick Study are service marks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; and Aironet, ASIST, BPX, Catalyst, CCDA, CCDP, CCIE, CCNA, CCNP, Cisco, the Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert logo, Cisco IOS, the Cisco IOS logo, Cisco Press, Cisco Systems, Cisco Systems Capital, the Cisco Systems logo, Empowering the Internet Generation, Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel, EtherSwitch, Fast Step, GigaStack, IOS, IP/TV, LightStream, MGX, MICA, the Networkers logo, Network Registrar, Packet, PIX, Post-Routing, Pre-Routing, RateMUX, Registrar, SlideCast, StrataView Plus, Stratm, SwitchProbe, TeleRouter, and VCO are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and certain other countries. Cisco AVVID Network Infrastructure IP Multicast Design Copyright © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. C ON T E N T S About this Document vii Intended Audience vii Document Organization vii Document Conventions viii Obtaining Documentation viii World Wide Web ix Documentation CD-ROM ix Ordering Documentation ix Documentation Feedback ix Obtaining Technical Assistance x Cisco.com x Technical Assistance Center x Cisco TAC Web Site xi Cisco TAC Escalation Center CHAPTER 1 IP Multicast Overview 1-1 Multicast vs. Unicast 1-1 Multicast Addressing 1-2 Multicast Forwarding 1-4 PIM Dense Mode 1-5 PIM Sparse Mode 1-5 Resource Requirements RP Deployment 1-6 Anycast RP 1-6 Auto-RP 1-7 CHAPTER 2 xi 1-5 IP Multicast in a Campus Network 2-1 Multicast Campus Deployment Recommendations 2-2 Campus Deployment 2-2 IGMP Snooping and CGMP 2-2 Non-RPF Traffic 2-4 Catalyst 6500 Series 2-5 Catalyst 4006 and 4500 with Supervisor III/IV Catalyst 3550 2-5 2-5 Cisco AVVID Network Infrastructure IP Multicast Design 956651 iii Contents HSRP 2-6 Solution 2-6 RP of Last Resort 2-8 IP Multicast Small Campus Design 2-8 Core/Distribution-Layer Switch Configuration IP Multicast Medium Campus Design 2-13 Core-Layer Switch Configuration 2-15 Distribution-Layer Switch Configuration 2-16 IP Multicast Large Campus Design 2-17 Core-Layer Switch Configuration 2-19 Distribution-Layer Switch Configuration 2-21 Summary CHAPTER 3 2-10 2-21 IP Multicast in a Wireless LAN 3-1 Multicast WLAN Deployment Recommendations 3-1 IP Multicast WLAN Configuration 3-2 Controlling IP Multicast in a WLAN with Access Points 3-2 Controlling IP Multicast in a P2P WLAN using Bridges 3-3 Verification and Testing 3-5 Test 1: WLAN with AP 3-5 Test 2: WLAN with P2P Bridges 3-6 Other Considerations Summary CHAPTER 4 3-7 3-8 IP Multicast in a Data Center 4-1 Data Center Architecture Overview Aggregation Layer 4-1 Front-End Layer 4-2 Application Layer 4-2 Back-End Layer 4-3 Storage Layer 4-3 Data Center Logical Topology 4-1 4-3 Multicast Data Center Deployment Recommendations IP Multicast Data Center Configuration 4-5 Core-Layer Switch Configuration 4-6 Server Farm Aggregation Switch Configuration 4-4 4-6 Cisco AVVID Network Infrastructure IP Multicast Design iv 956651 Contents CHAPTER 5 IP Multicast in a WAN 5-1 Multicast WAN Deployment Recommendations 5-1 IP Multicast WAN Configuration 5-2 Anycast RP 5-3 Branch 5-3 WAN Aggregation 5-3 MSDP Filters 5-5 IGMP Snooping and CGMP 5-5 Summary CHAPTER 6 5-6 IP Multicast in a Site-to-Site VPN 6-1 Site-to-Site VPN Overview 6-1 IPSec Deployment with GRE 6-1 Managing IPSec and GRE Overhead 6-2 Redundant VPN Head-end Design 6-2 VPN Deployment Model 6-4 IKE Configuration 6-4 Head-End 6-5 Branch 6-5 IPSec Transform and Protocol Configuration 6-6 Head-End 6-6 Branch 6-6 Access List Configuration for Encryption 6-7 Head-End 6-7 Branch 6-7 Crypto Map Configuration 6-8 Head-End 6-8 Branch 6-9 Applying Crypto Maps 6-9 Head-End 6-10 Branch 6-11 Static Route Configuration 6-11 Multicast VPN Deployment Recommendations Multicast Site-to-Site VPN Deployment Branch and Head-End 6-13 Branch 6-13 Head-End 6-14 Summary 6-12 6-12 6-15 Cisco AVVID Network Infrastructure IP Multicast Design 956651 v Contents CHAPTER 7 Multicast Music-on-Hold and IP/TV Configurations Multicast Music-on-Hold 7-1 Increment Multicast on IP Address 7-3 Multicast MoH Configuration 7-4 Configuring the MoH Server for Multicast Configuring the MoH Audio Source 7-5 Configuring the IP Phones 7-6 Changing the Default CODEC 7-7 Verifying the Configuration 7-7 QoS for Music-on-Hold 7-7 IP/TV Server 7-7 Multicast IP/TV Configuration QoS for IP/TV Server 7-9 Summary CHAPTER 8 7-8 7-10 Rogue RPs 8-1 8-1 Rogue Sources 8-1 8-3 Adjusting Timers for IP Multicast Query Interval 8-4 Announce Interval 8-4 Traffic Engineering 9 7-4 Security, Timers, and Traffic Engineering in IP Multicast Networks Security CHAPTER 7-1 Managing IP Multicast 8-4 8-4 9-1 Cisco AVVID Network Infrastructure IP Multicast Design vi 956651 About this Document This document presents an overview of AVVID IP multicast design and implementation. Intended Audience This document is intended for use by the Enterprise Systems Engineer (SE) or customer who may be unfamiliar with the deployment choices available to an AVVID Enterprise customer for IP multicast. Document Organization This document contains the following chapters: Chapter or Appendix Description Chapter 1, “IP Multicast Overview” Provides an overview of IP multicast design. Chapter 2, “IP Multicast in a Provides tips and recommendations for deploying IP multicast in a Campus Network” campus network. Chapter 3, “IP Multicast in a Provides tips and recommendations for deploying IP multicast in a Wireless LAN” wireless LAN. Chapter 4, “IP Multicast in a Provides tips and recommendations for deploying IP multicast in a data Data Center” center. Chapter 5, “IP Multicast in a Provides tips and recommendations for deploying IP multicast in a WAN” WAN. Chapter 6, “IP Multicast in a Provides tips and recommendations for deploying IP multicast in a Site-to-Site VPN” site-to-site VPN. Chapter 7, “Multicast Music-on-Hold and IP/TV Configurations” Provides the reference configurations for Multicast Music-on-Hold and IP/TV as used in the examples within the other chapters. Provides recommendations for implementing security with IP multicast. Chapter 8, “Security, Timers, and Traffic Engineering in IP Multicast Networks” Chapter 9, “Managing IP Multicast” Provides recommendations for managing IP multicast. Cisco AVVID Network Infrastructure IP Multicast Design 956651 vii About this Document Document Conventions Note This document contains product and configuration information that is complete at the publish date. Subsequent product introductions may modify recommendations made in this document. Document Conventions This guide uses the following conventions to convey instructions and information: Table 1 Document Conventions Convention Description boldface font Commands and keywords. italic font Variables for which you supply values. [ Keywords or arguments that appear within square brackets are optional. ] {x | y | z} A choice of required keywords appears in braces separated by vertical bars. You must select one. screen font Examples of information displayed on the screen. boldface screen Examples of information you must enter. font < > Nonprinting characters, for example passwords, appear in angle brackets. [ ] Default responses to system prompts appear in square brackets. Note Timesaver Tips Caution Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to material not covered in the manual. Means the described action saves time. You can save time by performing the action described in the paragraph. Means the following information will help you solve a problem. The tips information might not be troubleshooting or even an action, but could be useful information, similar to a Timesaver. Means reader be careful. In this situation, you might do something that could result in equipment damage or loss of data. Obtaining Documentation The following sections explain how to obtain documentation from Cisco Systems. Cisco AVVID Network Infrastructure IP Multicast Design viii 956651 About this Document Obtaining Documentation World Wide Web You can access the most current Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at the following URL: http://www.cisco.com Translated documentation is available at the following URL: http://www.cisco.com/public/countries_languages.shtml Documentation CD-ROM Cisco documentation and additional literature are available in a Cisco Documentation CD-ROM package, which is shipped with your product. The Documentation CD-ROM is updated monthly and may be more current than printed documentation. The CD-ROM package is available as a single unit or through an annual subscription. Ordering Documentation Cisco documentation is available in the following ways: • Registered Cisco.com users (Cisco direct customers) can order Cisco product documentation from the Networking Products MarketPlace: http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/order/order_root.pl • Registered Cisco.com users can order the Documentation CD-ROM through the online Subscription Store: http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription • Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by calling Cisco corporate headquarters (California, USA) at 408 526-7208 or, elsewhere in North America, by calling 800 553-NETS (6387). Documentation Feedback If you are reading Cisco product documentation on Cisco.com, you can submit technical comments electronically. Click the Fax or Email option under the “Leave Feedback” at the bottom of the Cisco Documentation home page. You can e-mail your comments to bug-doc@cisco.com. To submit your comments by mail, use the response card behind the front cover of your document, or write to the following address: Cisco Systems Attn: Document Resource Connection 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-9883 We appreciate your comments. Cisco AVVID Network Infrastructure IP Multicast Design 956651 ix About this Document Obtaining Technical Assistance Obtaining Technical Assistance Cisco provides Cisco.com as a starting point for all technical assistance. Customers and partners can obtain documentation, troubleshooting tips, and sample configurations from online tools by using the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) Web Site. Cisco.com registered users have complete access to the technical support resources on the Cisco TAC Web Site. Cisco.com Cisco.com is the foundation of a suite of interactive, networked services that provides immediate, open access to Cisco information, networking solutions, services, programs, and resources at any time, from anywhere in the world. Cisco.com is a highly integrated Internet application and a powerful, easy-to-use tool that provides a broad range of features and services to help you to • Streamline business processes and improve productivity • Resolve technical issues with online support • Download and test software packages • Order Cisco learning materials and merchandise • Register for online skill assessment, training, and certification programs You can self-register on Cisco.com to obtain customized information and service. To access Cisco.com, go to the following URL: http://www.cisco.com Technical Assistance Center The Cisco TAC is available to all customers who need technical assistance with a Cisco product, technology, or solution. Two types of support are available through the Cisco TAC: the Cisco TAC Web Site and the Cisco TAC Escalation Center. Inquiries to Cisco TAC are categorized according to the urgency of the issue: • Priority level 4 (P4)—You need information or assistance concerning Cisco product capabilities, product installation, or basic product configuration. • Priority level 3 (P3)—Your network performance is degraded. Network functionality is noticeably impaired, but most business operations continue. • Priority level 2 (P2)—Your production network is severely degraded, affecting significant aspects of business operations. No workaround is available. • Priority level 1 (P1)—Your production network is down, and a critical impact to business operations will occur if service is not restored quickly. No workaround is available. Which Cisco TAC resource you choose is based on the priority of the problem and the conditions of service contracts, when applicable. Cisco AVVID Network Infrastructure IP Multicast Design x 956651