Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies Level 3

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HIGH-INTEREST FOR LEVELS 3 THROUGH 8 Each of the six books in this power-packed new series features: 100+ reproducible exercise pages 900–1,500 vocabulary words Dual emphasis on unlocking meaning by analyzing word structure and by using context clues Clear instructions, friendly lesson format, and charming illustrations throughout SAMPLE LESSON TOPICS • synonyms / antonyms • alphabetical order • common / proper nouns • parts of speech • connotation / denotation • homophones / homographs • abbreviations / acronyms • dictionary entries • word origins • variant letter sounds • shades of meaning • idiomatic expressions • clichés • formal / informal language SADDLEBACK EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING Three Watson Irvine, CA 92618-2767 Website: www.sdlback.com • prefixes / suffixes • multiple-meaning words • present / past tense • syllabication • similes / metaphors • contractions / possessives • Greek / Latin roots • thesaurus entries • spelling demons • words often confused • pronunciation • euphemisms • selecting vivid words • content area terms ISBN-10: 1-56254-722-4 ISBN-13: 978-1-56254-722-6 BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS & STRATEGIES – Level 7 S K I L L S & S T R AT E G I E S S K I L L S & S T R AT E G I E S Antonyms / s m S y n o ny rts of Spee Pr a e P ch ec c i is e o Word C h s / Acro nym n o i t s a i v A b b re Skills ry a n o i t s c d i r D o W Mu g in ltiple-MeanM LEVEL 7 100 REPRODUCIBLE ACTIVITIES BUILDING V OCABULARY 7 SKILLS & STRATEGIES LEVEL by EMILY HUTCHINSON BUILDING V OCABULARY SKILLS & STRATEGIES 3 LEVEL 4 LEVEL 5 LEVEL 6 LEVEL 7 LEVEL 8 LEVEL ➬ Development and Production: Laurel Associates, Inc. Cover Design: Image Quest, Inc. Three Watson Irvine, CA 92618-2767 Website: www.sdlback.com Copyright © 2004 by Saddleback Educational Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the publisher, with the exception below. Pages labeled with the statement Saddleback Educational Publishing © 2004 are intended for reproduction. Saddleback Publishing, Inc. grants to individual purchasers of this book the right to make sufficient copies of reproducible pages for use by all students of a single teacher. This permission is limited to a single teacher, and does not apply to entire schools or school systems.978-1-60291-126-0 ISBN-10: 1-56254-725-9 ISBN-13: 978-1-56254-725-7 eBook: 978-1-60291-126-0 Printed in the United States of America 10 09 08 07 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 CONTENTS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 English Vocabularies: Formal, Informal, and Slang 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 English Vocabularies: Formal, Informal, and Slang 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Using the Dictionary 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Using the Dictionary 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Information in a Dictionary Entry 1 . . . .10 Information in a Dictionary Entry 2 . . . .11 Denotation and Connotation 1 . . . . . . . .12 Denotation and Connotation 2 . . . . . . . .13 Just for Fun: Dictionary Challenge 1 . . .14 Just for Fun: Dictionary Challenge 2 . . .15 Pronunciation: Vowel Sounds 1 . . . . . . .16 Pronunciation: Vowel Sounds 2 . . . . . . .17 Pronunciation: Silent Letters 1 . . . . . . .18 Pronunciation: Silent Letters 2 . . . . . . .19 Pronunciation: Syllables and Accent Marks 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Pronunciation: Syllables and Accent Marks 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Using Context Clues 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Using Context Clues 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Nouns: Getting Meaning from Context Clues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Verbs: Getting Meaning from Context Clues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Adjectives: Getting Meaning from Context Clues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Adverbs: Getting Meaning from Context Clues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Forms of a Word: Adjective to Noun 1 . .28 Forms of a Word: Adjective to Noun 2 . .29 Forms of a Word: Verb to Adjective 1 . . .30 Forms of a Word: Verb to Adjective 2 . . .31 Forms of a Word: Noun to Verb 1 . . . . . .32 Forms of a Word: Noun to Verb 2 . . . . . .33 Just for Fun: Word Ladders 1 . . . . . . . .34 Just for Fun: Word Ladders 2 . . . . . . . .35 Making Compound Words 1 . . . . . . . . . .36 Making Compound Words 2 . . . . . . . . . .37 Compound Words: Head and Foot 1 Compound Words: Head and Foot 2 Compound Words: Air and Water 1 Compound Words: Air and Water 2 Compound Words: Sun and Wind 1 Compound Words: Sun and Wind 2 Choosing Precise Words 1 . . . . . . . Choosing Precise Words 2 . . . . . . . Greek Roots 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Greek Roots 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin Roots 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin Roots 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prefixes 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prefixes 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Suffixes 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Suffixes 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Near Misses 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Near Misses 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synonyms: Nouns 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Synonyms: Nouns 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Synonyms: Verbs 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Synonyms: Verbs 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Synonyms: Adjectives 1 . . . . . . . . . Synonyms: Adjectives 2 . . . . . . . . . Synonyms: Adverbs 1 . . . . . . . . . . Synonyms: Adverbs 2 . . . . . . . . . . Antonyms: Nouns 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Antonyms: Nouns 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Antonyms: Verbs 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antonyms: Verbs 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antonyms: Adjectives 1 . . . . . . . . . Antonyms: Adjectives 2 . . . . . . . . . Antonyms: Adverbs 1 . . . . . . . . . . . Antonyms: Adverbs 2 . . . . . . . . . . . Homophones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Homophone Riddles . . . . . . . . . . . . Homographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Homophones and Homographs: Dictionary Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 .39 .40 .41 .42 .43 .44 .45 .46 .47 .48 .49 .50 .51 .52 .53 .54 .55 .56 .57 .58 .59 .60 .61 .62 .63 .64 .65 .66 .67 .68 .69 .70 .71 .72 .73 .74 . . . .75 Clipped Words 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 Clipped Words 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77 Words Borrowed from Names 1 . . . . . . .78 Words Borrowed from Names 2 . . . . . . .79 Foreign Words and Phrases 1 . . . . . . . . .80 Foreign Words and Phrases 2 . . . . . . . . .81 Simple Idioms 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82 Simple Idioms 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83 Interpreting Idioms 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84 Interpreting Idioms 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85 Explaining Idioms 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86 Explaining Idioms 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87 Using Idioms in Context 1 . . . . . . . . . . .88 Using Idioms in Context 2 . . . . . . . . . . .89 A-B Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .90 A-B Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .91 C-D Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .92 C-D Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .93 E-F Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .94 E-F Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .95 G-H Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .96 G-H Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .97 I-J Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98 I-J Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99 K-L Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .100 K-L Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .101 M-N Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .102 M-N Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .103 O-P Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .104 O-P Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .105 Q-R Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .106 Q-R Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .107 S-T Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . S-T Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . U-V Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . U-V Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . W-X Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . W-X Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . Y-Z Words in Context 1 . . . . . . . . Y-Z Words in Context 2 . . . . . . . . Just for Fun: Explaining Why or Why Not . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Just for Fun: Exploring Big Words Shopping Words 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Shopping Words 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Law Words 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Law Words 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building Words 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building Words 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Space Words 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Space Words 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Words 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Words 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business Words 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Business Words 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Travel Words 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Travel Words 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government Words 1 . . . . . . . . . . Government Words 2 . . . . . . . . . . Party Words 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Party Words 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scope and Sequence . . . . . . . . . . Answer Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108 .109 .110 .111 .112 .113 .114 .115 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116 .117 .118 .119 .120 .121 .122 .123 .124 .125 .126 .127 .128 .129 .130 .131 .132 .133 .134 .135 .136 .138 INTRODUCTION Welcome to BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS & STRATEGIES! We at Saddleback Publishing, Inc. are proud to introduce this important supplement to your basal language arts curriculum. Our goal in creating this series was twofold: to help on-level and below-level students build their “word power” in short incremental lessons, and to provide you, the teacher, with maximum flexibility in deciding when and how to assign these exercises. All lessons are reproducible. That makes them ideal for homework, extra credit assignments, cooperative learning groups, or focused drill practice for selected ESL or remedial students. A quick review of the book’s Table of Contents will enable you to individualize instruction according to the varied needs of your students. Correlated to the latest research and current language arts standards in most states, the instructional design of Building Vocabulary Skills & Strategies is unusually comprehensive for a supplementary program. All important concepts—ranging from primary-level phonics to the nuances of connotation— are thoroughly presented from the ground up. Traditional word attack strategies and “getting meaning from context clues” are dually emphasized. As all educators know, assessment and evaluation of student understanding and skill attainment is an ongoing process. Here again, reproducible lessons are ideal in that they can be used for both pre- and post-testing. We further suggest that you utilize the blank back of every copied worksheet for extra reinforcement of that lesson’s vocabulary; spelling tests or short writing assignments are two obvious options. You can use the Scope and Sequence chart at the back of each book for recording your ongoing evaluations. Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 7 • Saddleback Publishing, Inc., 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 • Phone (888) SDL-BACK • www.sdlback.com 5 ENGLISH VOCABULARIES: FORMAL, INFORMAL, AND SLANG 1 Various occasions call for various kinds of language. A. Where will you usually see and hear the formal words in the box? In official documents and reports, literary works, and speeches. Use a dictionary to look up any words you don’t know. Then write each word next to the informal word below that has the same meaning. abolish perceive baffle perturb calculate quest massive signify notable tedious 1. understand _____________________ 6. huge _____________________________ 2. figure ___________________________ 7. confuse __________________________ 3. ban ___________________________ 8. famous __________________________ 4. mean ___________________________ 9. boring __________________________ 5. bother ___________________________ 10. search ____________________________ B. The informal word in each sentence appears in boldface. Circle a letter to identify the formal word that could replace it. 1. At the sight of the brightly colored balloons, the child broke into a sudden smile. a. relevant b. spontaneous c. delirious 2. The archaeologists became very excited when they saw the writing on the walls of the tomb. a. trophy b. portrayal c. inscription 3. The hikers were surprised to find that a huge boulder barred their path. a. obstructed b. prevailed c. divulged 4. The detectives thought that the suspect’s story was probably a lie. a. falsehood b. misdemeanor c. felony 5. When Melanie slipped and fell on the ice, she broke her arm. a. sprained b. injured c. fractured 6 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 7 • Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 • 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 • Phone (888) SDL-BACK • www.sdlback.com ENGLISH VOCABULARIES: FORMAL, INFORMAL, AND SLANG 2 Informal English is the language used in newspapers, on television, and in most everyday conversations. When talking to friends, most people use some slang expressions. Slang might be vivid and interesting in speech, but it is not acceptable in formal or informal writing. A. Write a slang expression from the box that has the same meaning as the boldface word or words. Hint: You will not use all the words in the box. hangout bimbo batty handle bugs chill sleazy ditzy 1. “Slim” was given that nickname ____________________ about 10 years ago. 2. My dad always pesters ____________________ me about doing my homework. 3. Her high-pitched laugh makes her sound silly ____________________. 4. Sara suggested that we stop working and relax ____________________ for a while. 5. That rundown ____________________ neighborhood looks very unappealing. 6. The burger place was a favorite gathering place ____________________ for kids from our school. 7. Our eccentric ____________________ neighbor needs help from a psychiatrist. B. Use vowels (a, e, i, o, u ) to complete the words in the chart that have the same meaning. FORMAL INFORMAL SLANG 1. m __ __ __ l __ __ n __ c __ h __ __l __ y ➪ sad ➪ down 2. vulgar ➪ __ c __ h __ __ __ p ➪ tacky 3. __ __ b __ s __ __ r __ v __ ➪ see ➪ eyeball 4. genteel ➪ __ r __ __ f __ __ n __ __ d ➪ high-toned 5. converse ➪ talk ➪ g __ __b __ 6. slander ➪ insult ➪ d __ __s __ Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 7 • Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 • 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 • Phone (888) SDL-BACK • www.sdlback.com 7 USING THE DICTIONARY 1 The quickest source of information about words is the dictionary. Scholar’s Here’s one way to make it easier to use a dictionary. Think of a dictionary as being divided into three parts, or sections. STUDENT DICTIONARY • MORE THAN 200,000 clear, concise definitions • THOUSANDS of examples of words in actual use • UPDATED biographical and geographical sections • HUNDREDS of synonyms and word histories • FEATURES on usage, style, spelling, and more! A. A B C D E FGHIJKLMNOP QRSTUVWX YZ Flip the pages and you’ll see that these three sections are fairly equal in size. So if you need to find a certain word, start looking in the appropriate section. Circle the word that correctly completes each sentence. 1. The word ( dogmatic / mentor ) is in the second section of the dictionary. 2. The word vindicate is defined in the ( second / third ) section. 3. If you wanted to look up benevolent, you would turn to the ( first / second ) section. 4. The word ( prominent / erudite ) can be found in the first section of the dictionary. B. lapel geology erupt You know that words defined in the dictionary (entry words) are listed in alphabetical order. Practice your dictionary skills by listing the following words in alphabetical order. adjourn cyclone heifer demerit inquiry lavish sentiment yonder zenith romance ballast wary oblong genial jazz fragile matrimony kidnap 1. ______________________ 8. ______________________ 15. ______________________ 2. ______________________ 9. ______________________ 16. ______________________ 3. ______________________ 10. ______________________ 17. ______________________ 4. ______________________ 11. ______________________ 18. ______________________ 5. ______________________ 12. ______________________ 19. ______________________ 6. ______________________ 13. ______________________ 20. ______________________ 7. ______________________ 14. ______________________ 21. ______________________ 8 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 7 • Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 • 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 • Phone (888) SDL-BACK • www.sdlback.com USING THE DICTIONARY 2 Developing dictionary skills is an important step toward building an adult vocabulary. Notice the guide words at the top of each regular page in the dictionary. The guide word on the left is the first entry on the page. The word on the right is the last entry. A. A B materialize materialize \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ maudlin matron \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ dash dawdle dash \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/ daub \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ Cross out the words that would not be defined on page A (as shown above). Then use your imagination—or check a dictionary—to list three words that would appear on that page. 1. maternal mayfly mattress material mature maze 2. ________________________, ________________________, ________________________ B. Look at the guide words at the top of page B. Then circle the word or words that correctly complete(s) each sentence below. 1. Words that alphabetically fall ( between / outside ) the guide words will appear on that page. 2. If you’re looking for the word deactivate, you will have to turn ( back / forward ) a page or two. C. 3. You ( will / will not ) find the word daughter on page B. 4. You can probably find the word dart on the page just ( before / after ) page B. Circle the words that would appear on each page shown below. gearing generation pliers plump geezer generous pledge plummet gable geode poach plow general gelatin plowshare plaza genius gazebo ploy plywood Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 7 • Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 • 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 • Phone (888) SDL-BACK • www.sdlback.com 9
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