Air cabin crew and level 2 diploma: Part 2

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Unit 202 Outcome 3 Airline health, safety and security Perform basic first aid procedures Practical skills The candidate will be able to: 1 Demonstrate first aid procedures Underpinning knowledge The candidate will be able to: 1 explain how to treat a selection of passenger symptoms 2 describe restrictions crew face on board when giving first aid 3 explain the purpose of on board first aid kits 4 state which external bodies are able to assist crew during and after a first aid situation. Range First aid procedures DRABC - Danger, Response, Airways, Breathing, Circulation, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), recovery position, use of medical equipment, AVPU – Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unconscious Passenger symptoms Fainting, unconscious , choking, hyperventilation, diarrhoea, vomiting, Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVP), air sickness, burns and scolds, burst ear drum, indigestion and heartburn, hypoxia, epilepsy, blood loss and wounds, fractures and broken bones, asthma attack, sunstroke, birth on board, death on board, food poisoning, shock, angina, anaphylactic shock, kidney stones, stroke, diabetes, hypothermia, drug overdose, nose bleed, stoke, appendicitis Restrictions Restricted space, limited equipment, unable to divert for a long period of time, passenger travelling alone with little medical history, other passengers interfering, lack of privacy Purpose First Aid Kit (FAK) for general use in minor medical incidents, Emergency First Aid Kit (EFAK) for use in an emergency only, Emergency Medical Kit (EMK or doctors box) used for serious medical incidents External Bodies Port health, aircraft to ground medical assistance, doctor/nurse/paramedic with valid ID 34 Level 2 Diploma in Air Cabin Crew (New Entrant) (4849) Unit 202 Airline health, safety and security Notes for guidance The health, safety and security of crew and passengers is paramount and increasingly crew are faced with security situations/threats. Therefore learners must be aware of potential problems they may encounter and how they can be prevented and resolved. This unit will also develop awareness for passenger health. First aid situations will be investigated by the learners, who will undertake practical activities alongside acquiring knowledge. Another key aspect of this unit is the use of first aid equipment. It is recommended that learners have access to an aircraft mock up if the security drill for in-flight threats is undertaken and to assist with the delivery of the security skills. It is recommended that outcome 3 (first aid) is delivered by a qualified first-aider or with airline industry experience (maximum of 1 year since training) and is delivered with an aviation focus. Learners ideally should also have access to first aid equipment such as bandages, plasters, splints, mouth covers, latex gloves, oxygen, resuscitation mannequin and current first aid manuals as guidance. Learners must be able to access the internet or reading material which contains the relevant health, safety and security legislation and regulations. Case studies of aviation incidents relating to these topics would be useful to refer the learner to. Level 2 Diploma in Air Cabin Crew (New Entrant) (4849) 35 Unit 203 Airline emergency procedures Rationale The aim of this unit is to enable the candidate to respond to various planned and unplanned emergencies on board an aircraft complying with concise instructions. The knowledge acquired will enable the candidate to confidently undertake an authoritative role ensuring all procedures are met. The skills developed by the candidate include the operation of emergency equipment in a confined and restricted environment and adhering to set procedures in accordance with current industry standards. The candidate will develop the skills required to check and operate both fixed and portable aircraft equipment. Learning outcomes There are three outcomes to this unit. The candidate will be able to: 1 Respond to an airline emergency 2 Identify the primary principles for survival 3 Follow on board emergency procedures (within cabin) Guided learning hours It is recommended that 90 hours should be allocated for this unit. This may be on a full time or part time basis. Connections with other qualifications This unit contributes towards the knowledge and understanding required for the following qualifications: City & Guilds Level 2 NVQ in Aviation Operations in the Air – Cabin Crew. Assessment The learning outcomes for this unit will be assessed on the basis of evidence resulting from: 1 A written test (assignment) The knowledge requirements for this unit are listed for each learning outcome in the next section under the heading ‘Underpinning Knowledge’. The assessment takes the form of an externally set assignment. The method of assessment is designed to enable the candidates to produce the evidence to meet the requirements of the outcomes. The time required for candidates to meet the outcomes of the unit will vary according to their abilities, motivation, prior experience and access to learning resources. It is essential that candidates are given access to working practice in industry wherever possible and any such access must be in compliance with the relevant health, hygiene, safety and company regulations. 36 Level 2 Diploma in Air Cabin Crew (New Entrant) (4849) Unit 203 Outcome 1 Airline emergency procedures Respond to an airline emergency Practical skills The candidate will be able to: 1 demonstrate procedures for a planned emergency 2 brief the able bodied passengers with instructions 3 demonstrate a brace position 4 provide clear instructions to passengers on actions to take after impact 5 demonstrate positive commands which should be used during evacuation 6 demonstrate positive crowd control. Underpinning knowledge The candidate will be able to: 1 explain the term planned emergencies 2 explain the term unplanned emergencies 3 identify flight crew instructions for a planned emergency landing/ditching 4 explain procedures for preparing and evacuating the cabin for a planned emergency 5 identify the type of people not suitable to be able bodied passengers 6 describe the purpose of the brace position 7 identify positive commands which should be used during evacuation 8 explain techniques for maintaining crowd control 9 identify factors which can prevent an aircraft exit from being used in an evacuation 10 state the occasions when cabin crew must initiate an evacuation without the flight crew’s command. Range Planned emergencies Captain has time to inform crew of emergency landing/ditching, landing (landing on land), ditching (landing in water) Unplanned emergencies Landing on land or ditching without prior warning Flight crew instructions N.I.T.S – Nature of the emergency, Intentions of the captain, Time remaining, Special instructions Level 2 Diploma in Air Cabin Crew (New Entrant) (4849) 37 Procedures Preparation: disengage from duties, communication, secure the passengers eg passengers to remove shoes, false teeth, glasses and any sharp objects, fit extra clothing and life jackets, distribute baby survival cots and child life jackets (ditching only), secure galleys, secure cabin, secure exits, brief passengers, crowd control, prepare yourself, announcements, prepare drinking water/food/ blankets/first aid kit/emergency equipment to be removed from aircraft, prepare able bodied passengers, brace position, commands Evacuation: exits, door operation, crowd control, commands, use of able bodied passengers, collect emergency equipment, check for remaining passengers if safe to do so, crew evacuate Post evacuation: dealing with the aftermath Not suitable Children, obese, pregnant, disabled, infants, elderly, deportees, prisoners, nervous fliers Purpose To protect vital organs, minimise injury Positive commands ‘Unfasten your seatbelt, come this way’, ‘keep moving’ ‘stay on your feet’ ‘jump jump keep moving’ ‘get your life jacket from under your seat, do not inflate’ Crowd control Crew should use Able Bodies Passengers (ABPs) to help weak passengers or those who may require extra assistance, crew must work together as a team, shout positive commands, use authority, be forceful if required, use the loud hailer if possible, visibility of crew Factors Fire is present outside, obstructions outside, signs of immediate danger, exit blocked Occasions Catastrophic eg, dense smoke in the cabin, major fire, ditching, sounds which indicate the aircraft is breaking up, position of aircraft on impact where injury/death could be caused Brief the able bodied passengers (ABPs) Operation of exits, passenger assistance on board the aircraft and on exit, positioning of ABPs, instructions on incapacitated crew Brace position Passenger, pregnant lady, parent and child, child, crew forward facing, crew aft facing 38 Level 2 Diploma in Air Cabin Crew (New Entrant) (4849) Unit 203 Outcome 2 Airline emergency procedures Identify the primary principles for survival Practical skills The candidate will be able to: 1 demonstrate survival techniques in water. Underpinning knowledge The candidate will be able to: 1 identify the main principles for survival 2 describe techniques for survival at sea 3 describe techniques for survival in arctic conditions 4 describe techniques for survival in the desert 5 describe techniques for survival in the jungle. Range Survival techniques Use slide rafts, wear life jackets, treading water, chain of survival, retrieval of passengers into life raft, life saving techniques Main principles for survival Food, water, location, protection Survival at sea Secure all equipment inside the raft, activate radio beacons, flares, use sea dye marker, signalling mirrors, maintain 24 hour watch, stay as dry as possible, maintain body heat, avoid sunburn, never drink sea water, never eat fish with a bad odour/sunken eye/brightly coloured, prevent boredom, prevent hostility, administer first aid Survival in arctic conditions Shelter, dig a trench to protect from the wind, beware of frost bite and snow blindness, international distress signal, location identification, drinking water sources Survival in desert Find shade, prevent sunstroke, how to locate water sources Survival in jungle Remain in the vicinity of the aircraft, location (radio beacons, smoky fires, brightly coloured objects), use a buddy system, shelter, water sources, food sources, health hazards Level 2 Diploma in Air Cabin Crew (New Entrant) (4849) 39 Unit 203 Outcome 3 Airline emergency procedures Follow on board emergency procedures (within cabin) Practical skills The candidate will be able to: 1 demonstrate how to use a fire extinguisher. Underpinning knowledge The candidate will be able to: 1 identify emergency situations 2 identify aircraft emergency equipment 3 state the elements which must be present to sustain a fire 4 describe the basic principles of operating a fire extinguisher 5 identify types of fire extinguisher and the types of fire they are suitable for fighting 6 describe the purpose of a smoke hood 7 describe the basic principles of operating a smoke hood 8 describe the role of cabin crew in on board fighting fires 9 identify how to recognise slow decompression 10 identify how to recognise rapid decompression 11 identify how to recognise light, moderate and severe turbulence 12 describe what actions should be taken during turbulence 13 explain the main actions taken by the cabin crew during a flight crew incapacitation drill. Range Emergency situations Fire/smoke, severe turbulence, slow/rapid decompression, flight crew incapacitation Emergency equipment Smoke hood, fire extinguisher, fire gloves, emergency torch, portable and drop down oxygen, crash axe Elements Heat, fuel, oxygen Operating a fire extinguisher Remove from stowage, break seals, test squirt at the floor, aim at the base of the fire 40 Level 2 Diploma in Air Cabin Crew (New Entrant) (4849) Types of fire extinguisher BCF - Halon gas only used on aircraft due to harmful toxins - suitable for all types of fires Water - suitable for fires involving solids Foam, CO2, dry powder – suitable for fires involving liquids Dry powder – suitable for fires involving metals Purpose To provide oxygen in a smoke filled environment Operating a smoke hood Remove from stowage, remove hood from its bag, put both hands through the neck seal, pull the hood over your head from behind, pull the elastic straps over head until the mask covers nose and mouth, ensure long hair is not caught in the neck seal, pull hood over shoulders, pull the start toggle to activate, breathe normally Role of cabin crew Fire Fighter – first person on the scene fight fire, call for help, get equipment Communicator – inform flight deck Co-ordinator – moving passengers, moving equipment, fire fighting equipment Slow decompression Gradual loss of cabin pressure, signs of crew or passengers feeling dizzy or faint, whistling noise near doors or windows, small cracks in the windows or fuselage, broken door seals Rapid decompression Loss of cabin pressure in 1-10 seconds, loud explosive noise, appearance of oxygen masks, pain in ears and sinuses, mist in the cabin, burning smell, bursting of carbonated drinks containers, sudden boiling of liquids, air becoming cold and thin, aircraft dives Turbulence Light - liquids shaking but not spilling out of cups, slight difficulty manoeuvouring carts Moderate – Liquids splashing out of cups, difficulty in standing without holding onto something Severe – Items falling on the floor, services are impossible to deliver Actions Light - secure galley items, visually check passenger seat belts, inform passengers using PA system Moderate – ensure galley and carts are secure, check passenger seat belts are fastened on way to take crew seats until further notice, inform passenger using PA system Severe – set brakes on carts, wedge between seats, and place/pour hot liquids on the floor, crew must take the nearest seat immediately, wait for further instructions from the captain, inform passengers using the PA system to sit down wherever possible and fasten seatbelt Flight crew incapacitation drill Crew member/s remain in flight deck, positioning of crew seat, ensure the incapacitated pilot does not touch the aircraft controls, ensure seatbelt is fastened and shoulder harness secured, administer first aid, assist the remaining flight crew member/s Level 2 Diploma in Air Cabin Crew (New Entrant) (4849) 41 Unit 203 Airline emergency procedures Notes for guidance Candidates need to demonstrate survival techniques in water as the airline industry requirements stipulate that employees are able to swim a minimum of 25 metres unaided. For the purpose of this qualification there is no requirement that candidates have to swim 25 metres but they must be confident enough to demonstrate a water survival technique with or without flotation support. Candidates unable to swim due to injury or illness must provide evidence eg doctors certificate. Centres are advised to contact local a swimming pool and ensure they consent to the use of flotation devices i.e. life jackets. Potential contacts for assisting in the delivery of this unit include the army, navy, outward bound centres and airline training facilities. Centre should ensure that they have access to the following pieces of emergency equipment  Life jackets  Baby survival cot  Fire extinguisher  Oxygen mask  Passenger restraint kit  Emergency torch  Loud hailer  Telephone/PA system  First aid kit  Smoke hood  Cosmetic smoke machine 42 Level 2 Diploma in Air Cabin Crew (New Entrant) (4849) Unit 204 Crew room duties Rationale The aim of this unit is to enable the candidate to describe the duties that cabin crew undertake pre and post-flight with the focus of the unit on the duties carried out by cabin crew in the crew room. The candidate will require knowledge of pre and post-flight briefings and the importance of carrying them out. The candidate will be able to contribute to pre and post flight briefings. Learning outcomes There are two outcomes to this unit. The candidate will be able to: 1 Contribute to pre-flight briefing 2 Contribute to post-flight briefing Guided learning hours It is recommended that 30 hours should be allocated for this unit. This may be on a full time or part time basis. Connections with other qualifications This unit contributes towards the knowledge and understanding required for the following qualifications: City and Guilds Level 2 NVQ in Aviation Operations in the Air (Cabin Crew). Assessment The learning outcomes for this unit will be assessed on the basis of evidence resulting from: 1 A written test (assignment) The knowledge requirements for this unit are listed for each learning outcome in the next section under the heading ‘Underpinning Knowledge’. The assessment takes the form of an externally set assignment. The method of assessment is designed to enable the candidates to produce the evidence to meet the requirements of the outcomes. The time required for candidates to meet the outcomes of the unit will vary according to their abilities, motivation, prior experience and access to learning resources. It is essential that candidates are given access to working practice in industry wherever possible and any such access must be in compliance with the relevant health, hygiene, safety and company regulations. Level 2 Diploma in Air Cabin Crew (New Entrant) (4849) 43
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