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Accounting and Finance for Your Small Business Second Edition STEVEN M. BRAGG AND E. JAMES BURTON John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Accounting and Finance for Your Small Business Second Edition Accounting and Finance for Your Small Business Second Edition STEVEN M. BRAGG AND E. JAMES BURTON John Wiley & Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper.
∞ Copyright © 2006 by PricewaterhouseCoopers. PricewaterhouseCoopers refers to the individual member firms of the worldwide PricewaterhouseCoopers organization. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, 201-748-6011, fax 201-748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. For general information on our other products and services, or technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at 800-762-2974, outside the United States at 317-572-3993 or fax 317-572-4002. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. For more information about Wiley products, visit our Web site at http://www.wiley.com. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bragg, Steven M. . Accounting and Finance for your small business / Steven M. Bragg.—2nd ed. p. cm. Rev. ed. of: Accounting and Finance for your small business / E. James Burton, Steven M. Bragg. 2001. Includes index. ISBN-13: 978-0-471-77156-2(cloth) ISBN-10: 0-471-77156-2 (cloth) 1. Industrial management—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Business enterprises—Finance— handbooks, manuals etc. 3. Small Business—Management. 4. New business enterprises— Management. I. Burton, E. James. Accounting and finance for your small business. II. Title. HD31.B852 2006 658—dc22 2005056956 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To the Gove family, who have run the West Newbury town library for two generations and who taught the Bragg family to love books About the Authors S teven Bragg, CPA, CMA, CIA, CPIM, has been the chief financial officer or controller of four companies, as well as a consulting manager at Ernst & Young and auditor at Deloitte & Touche. He received a Master’s degree in finance from Bentley College, an MBA from Babson College, and a Bachelor’s degree in Economics from the University of Maine. He has been the two-time president of the Colorado Mountain Club, is an avid alpine skier and mountain biker, and is a certified master diver. Mr. Bragg resides in Centennial, Colorado. He has published the following books through John Wiley & Sons: Accounting and Finance for Your Small Business Accounting Best Practices Accounting Reference Desktop Billing and Collections Best Practices Business Ratios and Formulas Controller’s Guide to Costing Controller’s Guide to Planning and Controlling Operations Controller’s Guide: Roles and Responsibilities for the New Controller Controllership Cost Accounting Design and Maintenance of Accounting Manuals Essentials of Payroll vii