Nội dung

TAP CHI SINH HOC2019, 41(4): 75–89 DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v41n4.14639 A CHECKLIST OF PTERIDOPHYTES COLLECTED ON CHAM CHU MOUNTAINS AND ADJACENT SITES Phan Ke Loc1,*, Vu Thuy Duong2, Nguyen Cong Toan2,Pham Van The3, Trinh Ngoc Bon4 1 Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Ha Noi, Vietnam VNU University of Science, Biological Museum, The herbarium HNU, Ha Noi, Vietnam 3 Department for Management of Science and Technology Development and Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 4 Department of Silviculture Foundation and Forest Phytodiversity, Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Ha Noi, Vietnam 2 Received 19 October 2019, accepted 23 December 2019 ABTRACT Located in Tuyen Quang and Ha Giang Provinces, the Cham Chu Nature reserve (NR) has diverse plant ecosystem types, and its the flora is rich in species. However, the pteridophyte flora of Tuyen Quang and Ha Giang Provinces has not been so far generally studied. This study presented results of three biotic surveys conducted on Cham Chu mountains and adjacent sites surveys in 2018–2019. A total of 123 plant specimens gathered and analyzed. With 84 plant species of 43 genera belonging to 23 families recorded. The family Polypodiaceae is the richest with 8 genera and 12 species. Two genera, Tectaria and Pteris, are rich in species, with 9 and 8 species, respectively. A checklist of species was also provided. Keywords: Polypodiaceae, checklist, diversity, Cham Chu Nature Reserve. Citation: Phan Ke Loc, Vu Thuy Duong, Nguyen Cong Toan, Pham Van The, Trinh Ngoc Bon, 2019. A checklist of pteridophytes collected on Cham Chu mountains and adjacent sites. Tap chi Sinh hoc (Journal of Biology), 41(4): 75– 89. https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v41n4.14639. *Corresponding author email: pkeloc@yahoo.com ©2019 Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 75 Phan Ke Loc et al. INTRODUCTION Recently, the pteridophyte flora of Tuyen Quang and Ha Giang Provinces is not studied yet (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen, 19391951). Therefore The NEF Bio-ecological Nature Conservation Project in Mountainous Region of North Vietnam were handed over us to study its pteridophyte flora in The Cham Chu Nature Reserve and adjacent sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS All studied sites are situated in less than 1000 m a.s.l., in lowland belts with limestone and/or sandstone--shale. Pteridophytes are mostly light demanding plants, growing on edges of forest, in scrubs or grasslands, perennial terrestrial, epiphytic and lithophytic. Three fieldworks were set up in the 1st step (2018-2019): 1.Tuyen Quang Prov., Ham Yen Distr., foot of Cham Chu mountain, including Doi Lo (Oct 2018), collected 36 collecting numbers by Phan Ke Loc, Pham Van The and Vu Thuy Duong (with symbol TL); 2. Tuyen Quang Prov., Ham Yen Distr., Yen Thuan Comm, Cao Duong Vill., near H’Mông subvill., (Apr 2019), collected 57 collecting numbers by Phan Ke Loc, Vu Thuy Duong and Pham Van The (symbol LT) and 3. Ha Giang Prov., Bac Me Distr., Minh Ngoc Comm., Lung Cang Vill. (Jul 2019), collected 64 collecting numbers by Vu Thuy Duong, Thao Van Chien and Phan Ke Loc (symbol DL-BM). All together 153 numbers were collected. Main sources are used to identify scientific names of taxa (DeVol C. E. et al., 1994; Parris B. S. et al., 2013; Parris B. S. et al., 2010; Phạmhoàng Hộ, 1991; Phan Ke Loc, 2010; Tagawa M. & Iwatsuki K., 1979; Tagawa M. & Iwatsuki K., 1985; Tagawa M. & Iwatsuki K., 1988; Tagawa M. & Iwatsuki K., 1989; Tardieu-Blot M. L. & Christensen C., 1939-1951; Wu Z. Y. et al., 2013a; Wu Z. Y. et al., 2013b). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The collected numbers belong to 84 species in 43 genera and 23 families. They are arranged in descending sequence of principal ranks, namely Plant Kingdom, Tracheophytes 76 (exclus seed plants) Phylum/Pteridophytes with Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species (Shenzhen Code 2018, 2018). PPG I (2016) is adopted in this paper (PPG I (2016), 2016). Genera in family, and species in genus are arranged in alphabetical order. System of classification CLASS Lycopodiopsida Order Lycopodiales Family Lycopodiaceae Genus Phlegmariurus, three species: P. fargesii (Herter) Ching, P.phlegmaria (L.) Roth and P.squarrosus (G.Forst.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Order Selaginellales Family Selaginellaceae Genus Selaginella, five species: S. Bodinieri Hieron., S. decipiens Warb. S.doederleinii Hieron., S. indica (Milde) R.M.Tryon and S.willdenowii (Desv.) Baker CLASS Polypodiopsida Order Equisetales Family Equisetaceae, one genus Equisetum with one species: E. ramosissimum Desf. Order Psilotales Family Psilotaceae, one genus Psilotum with one species: P. nudum (L.) P.Beauv. Order Marattiales Family Marattiaceae, one genus Angiopteris with one species: A. confertinervia Ching ex C.Chr. Order Gleicheniales Family Gleicheniaceae, one genus Dicranopteris, one species: D. pedata (Houtt.) Nakaike Order Schizaeales Family Lygodiaceae, one genus Lygodium, two species: L. circinnatum (Burm.f.) Sw. and L. flexuosum (L.) Sw. Order Cyatheales Family Cibotiaceae, one genus with one species: C. barometz(L.) J.Sm. A checklist of pteridophytes Family Cyatheaceae, one genus: Alsophila with two species: A. gigantea Wall. ex Hook. and A. podophylla Hook. Order Polypodiales Family Lindsaeaceae, two genera, Lindsaea with two species: L. ensifolia Sw. and L. orbiculata (Lam.) Mett. ex Kuhn and Odontosoria with one species: O. chinensis (L.) J.Sm. Family Pteridaceae, five genera, Adiantum with one species: A. caudatum L.; Antrophyum with three species: A. callifolium Blume, A. obovatum Baker and A. vittarioides Baker; Haplopteris with two species: H. elongata (Sw.) E.H.Crane and H. flexuosa (Fée) E.H.Crane; Pityrogramma with one species: P. calomelanos (L.) Link; and Pteris with eight species: P.cretica L., P. decrescens H.Christ, P. ensiforme Burm.f., P. fauriei Hieron., P. plumbea H.Christ, P. semipinnata L., P. tripartita Sw. and P. vittata L. Family Dennstaedtiaceae, two genera, Microlepia with one species: M. speluncae (L.) T.Moore; and Pteridium with one species: P. esculentum (G.Forst.) Cokaine Family Aspleniaceae, two genera, Asplenium with three species: A. antrophyoides H.Christ, A. ensiforme Wall. ex Hook. & Grev. and A. nidus L. and Hymenasplenium with one species: H. obliquissimum (Hayata) Sugimoto Family Blechnaceae, one genus Blechnum with one species: B. orientale L. Family Athyriaceae, two genera: Athyrium with one species: A. mackinnonii (C.Hope) C.Chr.; and Diplazium with four species: D. donianum (Mett.) Tardieu, D. esculentum (Retz.) Sw., D. megaphyllum (Baker) H.Christ and D. stenochlamys C.Chr. Family Thelypteridaceae, three genera: Christella with one species: C. balansae (Ching) Holttum; Cyclosorus with two species: C. parasiticus (L.) Farw. and C. truncatus (Poir.) Farw.; and Pronephrium with two species: P. hirsutum Ching ex Y.X.Lin and P. simplex var. trifoliata (Ching) Loc K. Phan, var. nov. Family Dryopteridaceae, two genera, Bolbitis with two species: B. christensenii (Ching) Ching and B. heteroclita (C.Presl) Ching; and Dryopteris with one species: D. varia (L.) Kunze Family Nephrolepidaceae, one genus Nephrolepis with 2 species: N. biserrata (Sw.) Schott and N. cordifolia (L.) C.Presl. Family Lomariopsidaceae, one genus Lomariopsis with one species: L spectabilis (Kunze) Mett. Family Tectariaceae, three genera : Arthropteris with one species: A. palisotii (Desv.) Alston; Pleocnemia with one species: P. winitii Holttum; and Tectaria with nine species: T. decurrens (C.Presl) Copel., T. devexa (Kunze ex Mett.) Copel., T. fuscipes (Wall. ex Bedd.) Chr., T. kusukusensis (Hayata) Lellinger, T. phaeocaulis (Rosenst.) C.Chr., T. quinquefida (Baker) Ching, T. sagenioides (Mett.) Christenh., T. simonsii (Baker) Ching and T. subsageniacea (H.Christ) Christenh. Family Oleandraceae, one genus Oleandra with one species: O. wallichii (Hook.) C.Presl Family Davalliaceae, one genus Davallia with two species: D. divaricata Blume and D. solida (G.Forst.) Sw. Family Polypodiaceae, eight genera: Aglaomorpha with one species: A. coronans (Wall ex Mett.) Copel.; Drynaria with one species: D. bonii H.Christ; Lepidomicrosorium with one species: L. superficiale (Blume) L.Wang; Leptochilus with two species: L. ellipticus (Thunb.) Noot. and L. henryi (Baker) X.C.Zhang; Microsorum with two species:M. membranaceum (D.Don) Ching and M. punctatum (L.) Copel.; Neolepisorus with three species: N. minor W.M.Chu, N. ovatus (Wall. ex Bedd.) Ching and N. zippelii (Blume) L.Wang; Phymatosorus with one species: P. cuspidatus (D.Don) Pic-Serm.; and Pyrrosia with one species: P. porosa (C.Presl) Hovenkamp. Checklist of studied taxa Data of each taxa are presented in following order: name of family, name of 77 Phan Ke Loc et al. genus and species, studied collecting number, locality including coordinate, habitat and habit. Family Lycopodiaceae Phlegmariurus fargesii (Herter) ChingDL-BM 046-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º42’49”, 105º11’16”, 224 m. Epiphytic and photophytic on tree trunks at stream banks of limestone mountains. Stem caespitose, 0.6– 0.9 m long, pendulous, cordlike; trophophylls dense, lanceolate, ca. 1–1.4 x 0.01–0.15 cm, strongly arched, with the tips pointing toward stem. Cultivated as ornamental plant. Rare. Phlegmariurus phlegmaria (L.) Roth-LT 17, LT 63-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’07”, 104º59’30”, 608 m. Perennial xerophytic epiphytic and photophytic, in axil of Livistona spp. leaves, sandstone mountains; pendulous, 0.4–0.6 m long, 4–6 times dichotomously branched; trophophylls hard, spreading, ovate-triangular, ca. 8–12 mm long, 3–4 mm wide at base, apex very pointed; strobili terminal on branches, linear, divided, 6-9 cm long, like horsetail plants. Common. Phlegmariurus phlegmaria (L.) Roth-DLBM 066-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’13”, 105º11’32”, 211 m. Mesophytic, epiphytic on tree trunk along stream banks; trophophylls soft, spreading, ovate-triangular, ca. 8–12 mm long, 3–4 mm wide at base, apex not pointed. Rare. Phlegmariurus squarrosus (G.Forst.) Á.Löve & D.Löve-DL-BM 068-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc. Epiphytic and photophytic on tree trunks at stream banks of limestone mountains. Stem caespitose, 0.4–0.6 m long, pendulous; trophophylls dense, lanceolate, ca. 1.2–1,4 x 0.01–0.15 cm, attached at right angle; strobili terminal on branches. Cultivated as ornamental plant. Rare. Selaginella bodinieri Hieron.-DL-BM 021Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º42’49”, 105º11’16”, 224 m. Perennial terrestrial or epiphytic, erect from decumbent stem, 0.3–0.5 m with creeping rhizome and stolons; main stem pinnately branched, 6–10 pairs; strobili solitary, ca. 2.5–3.5 cm long. Rare. 78 Selaginella decipiens Warb-DL-BM 064Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º42’49”, 105º11’16”, 224 m. Ombrophylic epiphytic on small tree trunk along stream banks of limestone mountain. Upper portion erect, ca. 15–25 cm, with creeping stolons and rhizome; ca. 0.5–0.7 x 0.3 m; lamina frond triangular in outline, ca. 0.2–0.3 x 0.1–0.15 m; primary leafy branches 6–7 pairs twice pinnately branches; strobili terminal, solitary. Rather common. Selaginella doederleinii Hieron.-LT 37Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’29”, 104º58’58”, 659 m. In mesophytic secondary scrubs, edge sandstone of cave. Plants prostrate then erect, 0.3–0.4 m tall; leafy portion including leaves ca. 1 cm wide; strobili solitary or in pairs or forked, ca. 4 x 0.1–0.22 cm. Occasionally common. Selaginella indica (Milde) R.M.TryonDL-BM 036-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’41”, 105º12’22”, 200 m. Perennial photophytic and mesophytic, on vertical cliffs of limestone mountain, 0.2–0.3 x 0.1–0.15 m; rhizophores at intervals throughout length of main stem; strobili solitary, ca. 1.5–2 cm. Very common. Family Selaginellaceae Selaginella willdenowii (Desv.) Baker-LT 31-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’29", 104º58'58", 659 m. In semi-open scrub, foot of limestone mountains. Perennial terrestrial mesophytic, creeping to 2 m or more long; main stem branched throughout; leaves metallic green. Rather common. Family Equisetaceae Equisetum ramosissimum Desf.-TL 009Tuyen Quang Prov., Ham Yen Distr., Phu Luu Comm., 22º12’37”, 105º03’14”, 152 m. Perennial hydrophytic fern, in groups on open wet stream banks; areal stem monomorphic, 0.6–0.9 m tall, 2–3 mm in diam. at middle portion, not obviously branched, strobilus ellipsoid. Ocasionally common. Equisetum ramosissimum Desf.-TL 56Tuyen Quang Prov., Ham Yen Distr., Phu Luu Comm., 22º12’50”, 105º02’30”, 100 m. In groups on open water current very slow; A checklist of pteridophytes perennial hydrophytic fern; areal stem monomorphic, 1–1.2 m tall, 4–6 mm in diam. at middle portion, not obviously branched; strobilus ellipsoid, ca. 5−10 x 3−4 mm. Occasionally common. Family Psilotaceae Psilotum nudum (L.) P.Beauv.-DL-BM 051-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º42’49”, 105º11’16”, 224 m. Epiphytic on trunk and branches of trees on limestone stream banks. Not common. Family Marattiaceae Angiopteris confertinervia Ching ex C.Chr. & Tardieu-TL 003, TL 011 & TL 017- Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, around 22º12’38”, 105º02’58”, 70–233 m. Mainly in secondary mesophytic scrubs. Perennial terrestrial fern; frond 2.5–4 m long including stipe 1 m; lamina bipinnate; pinnae ca. 0.4–0.8 x 0.13–0.25 m with 14– 20 pairs of pinnules; pinnules 5–17 x 1.2– 3.2 cm, apices ± long caudate; sori 2.5–3.5 mm, composed of 8−12 pairs of sporangia. Occasionally common. Angiopteris confertinervia Ching ex C.Chr. & Tardieu-DL-BM 003-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’17”, 105º11’33”, 210 m. Habitat and habit same as TL 003, TL 011 & TL 017. Common. Family Gleicheniaceae Dicranopteris pedata (Houtt.) NakaikeTL 021-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º12’38”, 105º02’57”, 140 m. Clustered in secondary scrubs and grasslands of shale cliffs. Ferns 1–3 m tall; rachis 1–2 times dichotomously branched; ultimate pinnately linear, 0.2–0.3 x 0.04–0.05 m; lobes 30–50 on each side, linear-lanceolate, 2–3 x 0.3–0.4 cm, apex obtus. Occasionally common. Family Lygodiaceae Lygodium circinnatum (Burm.f.) Sw.-DLBM 019-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’41”, 105º12’22”, 200 m. Growing commonly on secondary mesophytic scrubs on foot of mountains. Terrestrial perennial vines, to 15–20 m long; fertile pinnae usually sessile in pairs at end of ultimate branches; lamina ± reduced and commonly 3−6 mm wide; sorophores 2−5 mm, sessile. Common. Lygodium flexuosum (L.) Sw.-TL 047aTuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º12’10”, 105º02’40”, 170 m. Scattered on secondary mesophytic shale scrubs. Perennial terrestrial vines, climbing on Livistona spp. and treelets; fronds 5−10 m long; sterile pinnae 3−10 cm x 8−15 mm above; fertile pinnae smaller; sorophores 4–6 mm at apices of small triangular lobes; indusia glabrous. Common. Family Cibotiaceae Cibotium barometz (L.) J.Sm.-LT 18Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º17’30”, 104º58’30”, 662 m. In secondary grasslands and scrubs on sandstone-shale. Rhizome densely covered with soft, pale brownish, multicellular long hairs. Fronds 3−4 m tall; stipes thick, to 1 m or more long; lamina 2−3 m long, 2-pinnate-pinnatifid; pinnae 25−30 pairs; medial pinnae 0.6–0.8 x 0.16–0.18 m; medial pinnule 13 x1.5 cm; sori usually 4–5 each side of pinnule segments; indusia bivalvate. Rare. Cibotium barometz (L.) J.Sm.-TL 046Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º12’10”, 105º02’40”, 170 m. Scattered on mesophytic secondary shale cliffs. Habit same as LT 18. Rare. Cibotium barometz (L.) J.Sm.-TL 55Tuyen Quang Prov., Ham Yen Distr., Phù Lưu Comm., 22º12’50”, 105º02’30”, 125 m. Very young plant scattered on vertical cliffs of shale. Rhizome massive, ascending, densely covered with soft, pale brownish, multicellular long hairs. Rare. Family Cyatheaceae Alsophila gigantea Wall.ex Hook.-TTL 001, TL 15, TL 058 & Thinh 001-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, around 22º12’02”, 105º02’15”, 54–143 m. Scattered in secondary mesophytic shale cliffs. Trunk 2–4 m tall, 0.1–0.2 m in diam.; frond 2–3 m long, 2-pinnate-pinnatifid; base and adaxial side stipe with dense dark brown spreading scales ca. 1.5–2 cm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide at base; lamina with 10–27 pairs pinnae, spreading, middle 0.4–0.5 x 0.2 m, pinnatifid 79 Phan Ke Loc et al. to 1/2–2/3 to costulae; pinnule segments ca. 14–18 pairs; sori orbicular. Common. Alsophila podophylla Hook.-LT 20-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’29”, 104º58’58”, 659 m. In secondary sandstone– shale scrubs. Perennial terrestrial mesophytic fern; trunk 3−4 m tall; stipe to 1 m, dark brown with setose; lamina 1−2 m, 2-pinnate; pinnae 7−18 pairs, 0.35 x 0.19 m; pinnules 10–18 pairs; veinlets 4–5 pairs, basiscopic ones arising directly from base of pinna costa; sori orbicular. Not rare. Family Lindsaeaceae Lindsaea ensifolia Sw.-TL 047-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º12’10”, 105º02’40”, 170 m. Scattered in secondary mesophytic scrubs on shale cliffs. Perennial terrestrial fern; rhizomes shortly creeping; stipes 0.1–0.25 m; lamina 1 pinnate; pinnae 1−3 pairs, narrowly lanceolate, ca. 6−15 x 1.7−2.2 cm; sori marginal; indusia linear, continuous. Rare. Lindsaea orbiculata (Lam.) Mett. ex Kuhn- TL 048-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º12’10”, 105º02’40”, 170 m. Scattered in secondary mesophytic scrubs on shale cliffs. Perennial terrestrial fern; rhizome shortly creeping; stipes 0.1–0.13 m; lamina 0.3–0.4 x 0.02–0.07 m, 1–or 2–pinnate; pinnae 20–27 pairs, dimidiate, rhomboid, flabellate or orbicular; pinnae reduced towards apex; terminal pinna similar lateral ones; sori submarginal; indusia linear, usually continuous. Rare. Odontosoria chinensis (L.) J.Sm.-LT 42Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’07”, 104º59’29”, 618 m. In secondary mesophytic sandstone scrubs along roadsides. Perennial terrestrial fern; rhizome creeping, densely scaly; stipe 15−21 cm long; lamina oblong in outline, 0.2–0.3 x 0.09–0.012 m, 3–or 4–pinnate, widest at middle; pinnae 10−15 pairs, lanceolate, 3pinnate at base; sori terminal on 1 or uniting 2 or 3 vein ends. Rare. Family Pteridaceae Adiantum caudatum L.- DL-BM 032- Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’41”, 80 105º12’22”, 200 m. In open vertical cliffs or rock crevices. Perennial terrestrial, lithophytic or epiphytic fern, 0.2−0.4 m tall; lamina 1pinnate, 12−37 x 2−3 cm, apex usually prolonged into a whiplike stolon rooting at tip to form new plantlet; pinnules 20−40 pairs, ± dimidiate, suboblong, 1−1.2 x 0.5−0.8 cm, base asymmetrical, lower margins entire, upper and outer margins deeply divided into lobes; sori 6−11 per pinna. Occasionally common. Antrophyum callifolium Blume-TL 037Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º12’18”, 105º02’38”, 212 m. Epiphytic on small trees growing on secondary woodlands near stream banks. Perennial fern; rhizome short erect; fronds clustered; stipes 1−5 cm; lamina obovate-lanceolate, 18−27 x 2−4 cm, widest above middle, base decurrent along appressed stipe; soral lines continuous. Common. Antrophyum callifolium Blume-DL-BM 033-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’41”, 105º12’22”, 200 m. Habitat and habit same as TL 037. Antrophyum obovatum Baker-DL-BM 008-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º42’49”, 105º11’16”, 224 m. Growing as epiphytic in secondary woodlands. Rhizome short, erect; fronds clustered; stipe 1−4 cm, glabrous; lamina obovate-oblanceolate, 24−28 x 3−6 cm; widest above middle, base decurrent; soral lines superficial. Occasionally common. Antrophyum vittarioides Baker-DL-BM 033B-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’41”, 105º12’22”, 200 m. Epiphytic on humid secondary scrubs. Rhizome short; fronds clustered; stipe 1−2 cm; lamina linearelliptic, 10−18 x 0.5−0.7 cm; soral lines linear, submarginal, one row on each side of costa, not immersed in grooves. Rare. Haplopteris elongata (Sw.) E.H.CraneDL-BM 011-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º44’55”, 105º11’36”, 210 m. Scattered in mesophytic woodlands on foot of limestone. Epiphytic or lithophytic, grows in dense groups with other epiphytic ferns. Fronds clustered, pendulous, 1−2.3 m long, 0.5−2 cm wide, base gradually narrowed; soral A checklist of pteridophytes line marginal, immersed in groove, open outward. Rare. Haplopterisflexuosa (Fée) E.H.Crane-TL 050-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º12’50”, 105º02’30”, 125 m. Epiphytic in leaf axil of Livistona spp. Rhizome thick; scales dark brown; fronds clustered; stipes slender; lamina linear, 12−45 x 0.4−0.6 cm, base long attenuate, margin revolute and covering sori. Very common. Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link-TL 041-Tuyen Quang Prov., Ham Yen Distr., Phu Luu, 22º12’10”, 105º02’40”, 152 m. On secondary shale cliffs. Perennial terrestrial fern, to 0.8 m tall; stipe and axe of lamina purplish black, lustrous; lamina 2-pinnate, 18– 32 x 12−18 cm, abaxially densely white farinose; pinnae 15−20 pairs; sori nearly confluent throughout abaxial surface. Rare. Pteriscretica L.-LT 50a-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’07”, 104º59’29”, 618 m. In shale-sandstone grasslands.Fronds dimorphic, 0.15–0.28 x 0.05−0.08 m; stipe straw-colored; sterile fronds with stipes ca. 6−8 cm long; fertile fronds longer with stipe 10−15 cm long; pinnae 1−2 pairs, opposite, sessile; basal pinnae with 1, rarely 2 pinnules; terminal pinna 3–lobed or simple, ca. 8−12 x 0.4−0.5 cm, base decurrent. Rare. Pteris decrescens H.Christ-DL-BM 040Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’41”, 105º12’22”, 200 m, In secondary wet grasslands on limestone slopes. Perennial fern, 0.7−0.9 m tall; fronds clustered;stipe brown, 25−30cm long; lamina thin, glabrous, 2-pinnatipartite, oblong-lanceolate in outline, 0.5 x 0.12−0.17 m; lateral pinnae 9−11 pairs, ca. 10−15 x 2−2.6 cm, apex narrowly linearcaudate, 3−5 cm; segments more than 25−30 pairs. Not common. Pteris ensiformis Burm.f.-DL-BM 020Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’13”, 105º11’32”, 211 m. On acidic, wet scrubs and grasslands. Perennial terrestrial fern, ca. 0.3−0.5 m tall; fronds dimorphic; fertile specimens with stipe to 0.2−0.3 m, lamina 20−42 x 0.8−1cm, pinnate to bipinnate; terminal forked 12−22 x 0.5 cm. Common. Pteris fauriei Hieron.-LT 27 < 40Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, around 22º17’30”, 104º58’58”, 618−645 m. In wet sandstone-shale scrubs. Perennial terrestrial fern, 0.4−0.5 m tall; fronds clustered; stipe 17−32 cm; lamina 2-pinnatipartite, 0.3−0.5 x 0.08−0.11 m; lateral pinnae 6−7 pairs; lowest basal pair with a basiscopic pinnule; upper pairs 8−12 x 0.18−0.23 cm, with 15−22 pairs of segments. Rather common. Pteris fauriei Hieron.-DL-BM 030-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º42’49”, 105º11’16”, 224 m. Habitat and habit same as LT 27 and LT 40. Pteris plumbea H.Christ-LT 50-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’07”, 104º59’29”, 618 m. In secondary wet shale grasslands. Plants 0.3−0.45 m tall, dimorphic; rhizome with dark brown scales; fronds clustered; stipes 4–angled, 0.25−0.35 m long; lamina of sterile fronds glabrous, 0.2−0.3 x 0.1−0.15 m, 1-pinnate; pinnae 1-3 pairs; basal pinna ca. 0.1−0.15 m, usually with 2−3 pinnules; fertile fronds 1−3 pinnae; terminal pinna linear 15−20 x 1.5 cm. Not common. Pteris semipinnata L.-TL 44-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’30”, 104º58’58”, 645 m. In secondary wet scrubs on acidic sandstone–shale cliffs. Perennial terrestrial fern, to 0.6−0.9 x 0.3−0.4 m; fronds clustered, subdimorphic; stipe 0.3−0.4 m; stipe and rachis castaneous-reddish, shiny, glabrous; lateral pinnae 5−7 pairs; fertile segments entire; basiscopic side pectinately lobed nearly to costa, acroscopic side reduced to subentire wing, base oblique, basiscopic side decurrent. Not common. Pteris tripartita Sw.-LT 04-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’07”, 104º59’30”, 608 m. In secondary scrubs on foot of shale-sandstone cliffs. Perennial terrestrial fern, to 1.2−1.4 m tall; fronds clustered; stipe dark straw-colored, to 0.9 m, glabrous; rachis dark straw, glabrous; lamina with 3, 1 or 2 pinnatisect divisions, broadly ovate in outline; lateral division to 1 m, at medium ca. 0.4−0.5 m; pinnules 13−16 pairs; basal pinnule usually divided into 2 or 3 forks; middle pinnules ca. 25 cm; pinnae of 81 Phan Ke Loc et al. division ca. 25 x 6 cm; medium pinnule with 18−26 pairs of segments, 2.5−3,5 x 0.4−0.6 cm. Not common. Pteris vittata L.-DL-BM 045- Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’41”, 105º12’22”, 200 m. Rather common on open vertical cliffs, rock crevices or limestone foots. Perennial terrestrial fern, 0.7−1.2 m tall; rhizome 1.5−2 cm in diam.; fronds clustered; stipe 9−15 cm, straw-colored, densely scaly lower part, sparsely upward; lamina 1-pinnate, 0.4−0.8 x 0.2−0.3 m; lateral pinnae to 20−40 pairs; lowermost 3−4 pairs reduced; middle pinnae 10−16 x 1.3−1.6 cm; coneosori marginal. Very common. Family Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum (G.Forst.) Cokayne- LT 65- Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’07”, 104º59’29”, 608 m. Perennial terrestrial fern on secondary shalesandstone grasslands. Plants ca. 0.7−1 m tall, lamina oblong-triangular in outline and ± in one plane, 0.6 x 0.3 m, 3–pinnate–pinnatifid; pinnae 8−12 pairs; biggest pinna to 20 x 9 cm with to 20 pairs of pinnules, to 7 x 2 cm; segments 8−10 pairs per pinna, ca. 0.8 x 0.5 mm, pinnatifid; sori near notch at margin of lobules; indusia formed by reflexed margin of lamina, interrupted. Rare. Family Aspleniaceae Asplenium antrophyoides H.Christ-LT 47-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’07”, 104º59’29”, 618 m. In secondary scrubs, on limestone or sandstone rocks. Perennial epiphytic or lithophytic; lamina narrowly oblanceolate, ca. 0.4−0.6 m long; midrib carinate abaxially, apex cuspidate. Not common. Asplenium ensiforme Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.-DL-BM 007-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’17”, 105º11’33”, 210 m. Scattered epiphytic on tree trunks in secondary limestone woodlands. Fronds clustered; stipe 3−5 cm long; lamina narrowly lanceolate, ca. 0.3−0.4 x 0.03−0.05 m, base decurrent. Occasionally common. Asplenium ensiforme Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.-TL 033-Tuyen Quang Prov., Ham Yen 82 Distr., Phu Luu Comm., 22º12’18”, 105º02’38”, 212 m. Epiphytic on tree trunks, in secondary scrubs of limestone stream. Young perennial fern. Rare. Asplenium nidus L.-LT 06 & LT 34 & LT 57-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, around 22º17’07”, 104º59’30”, 608−659 m. Mesophytic, heliophytic, lithophytic and epiphytic, in secondary scrubs, foot limestone and sandstone forest; fronds ca. 0.7−1.2 x 0.09−0.14m. Common. (In Asplenium nidus complex). Asplenium oblanceolatum Copel.-DL-BM 054-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, around 22º42’49”, 105º11’16”, 224 m. Mesophytic, epiphytic on tree trunks or lithophytic on foot of limestone cliffs. Fronds caespitose, 0.6−0.8 m tall; leaves distinctly spatulate, widest above middle, ca. 7−9 cm; lamina gradually reduced into a long broadly winged basal part, apex cuspidate; sori linear, 2−3 cm. Occasionally common. (In Asplenium nidus complex). Asplenium oblanceolatum Copel.-TL 036-Tuyen Quang Prov., Ham Yen Distr., Phu Luu Comm., 22º12’18”, 105º02’38”, 212 m. Epiphytic on tree trunks, in secondary scrubs of limestone stream. Young perennial fern. Rare. Hymenasplenium obliquissimum (Hayata) Sugimono-LT 55-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’07”, 104º59’29”, 618 m. Hydrophytic and heliophytic, epiphytic, rarely lithophytic on sandstone stream banks. Perennial fern, 0.3−0.4 m tall; stipe brownish; lamina elliptic, ca. 0.2−0.3 x 0.07−0.08 m, thin, 1-pinnate, widest at base; 18−22 pairs of leaflets, trapeziform to falcate, 3.5−5 x 1.2−1.5 cm; pinnae strongly dimidiate; sori linear, 3−4 mm. Occasionally common. OK. Family Blechnaceae Blechnum orientale L.-TL 22-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º12’38”, 105º02’57”, 140 m. Clustered on secondary on shale cliff scrubs. Frond blades ca. 0.6−1.2 x 0.3−0.6 m; imparipinnate; pinnae numerous, linear, 25−30 x 1−1.2 cm; sori linear, forming coenosori adjacent and parallel to costa; A checklist of pteridophytes indusium attached to commissure, facing toward costa. Occasionally common. Family Athyriaceae Athyrium mackinnonii C.Chr.-LT 30Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’29”, 104º58’58”, 659 m. Perennial, hydrophytic, terrestrial fern to 2.5−3.5 m tall, foot of limestone mountains; rhizome erect, 1 cm in diam, apex densely blackish brown scales; fronds caespitose; fertile fronds 2−2.5 m long; stipe 0.5−0.7 m long, 0.5 cm in diam.,densely blackish brown scales; lamina deltoid oblong, ca. 0.7−1 x 0.5−0.9 m; pinnae 12−18 pairs, 2–pinnate and pinnules pinnatipartite; sori and indusia horseshoe– shaped.Occasionally common. Diplazium donianum (Mett.) Tardieu-LT 24-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’29”, 104º58’58”, 659 m. Mesophytic perennial, terrestrial fern, on semiopened sandstone-shale cliffs. Fronds caespitose; fertile fronds 0.6−0.8 m tall; stipe more than 0.3 m; lamina ovate-elliptic 0.3−0.5 x 0.2−0.3 m, 1-imparipinnate; lateral pinnae 3−5 pairs, lanceolate; indusia long linear, oblique. Rare. Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.-TL 013a- Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º12’36”, 105º03’29”, 233 m. Perennial terrestrial fern in very wet foot cliffs or stream banks. Fronds 1.5 m tall; stipe at least 0.5 m long; lamina deltoid, 0.7−0.9 x 0.3−0.4 m, apex acuminate; 8−10 pairs of pinnae, 2–pinnate with pinnule pinnatifid; lower pinnae broadly lanceolate; pinnules to 0.2−0.3 x 0.06−0.08 cm; sori linear, to 7−10 pairs per pinnule lobes. Common. Diplazium megaphyllum (Baker) H.ChristTL28-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º12’18”, 105º02’38”, 212 m. Perennial terrestrial fern in very wet limestone stream banks. Fertile fronds to 0.8−1 m; stipes 0.3−0.4 m long, densely dark brown scaly at base; lamina oblong, ca. 0.6−0.7 x 0.4−0.5 m, 1– pinnate with 14−18 leaflets, ascending, base truncate-cuneate, apex attenuate to caudate; sori linear, 3−9 mm long per vein group. Rare. Diplazium stenochlamys C.Chr.-TL 016Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Lưu, 22º12’36”, 105º03’29”, 233 m. Perennial terrestrial fern in very wet limestone cliffs. Fertile fronds ca. 1.5 m long; stipe at least 0.5 m long, glabrous; lamina glabrous, papery, deltoid, 0.7−0.9 x 0.3−0.4 m, apex acuminate; 8−10 pairs of pinnae, alterne, ascending; basal 1 or 2 pinnae oblong, 20−25 x 6−8 cm, pinnatilobate to costa; sori linear, to 7−10 pairs per pinnule lobes. Rare. Family Thelypteridaceae Christella balansae (Ching) Holttum-TL 031-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, 22º12’38”, 105º02’57”, 140 m. Edges of very wet limestone stream banks. Perennial terrestrial fern, 0.8–1.2 m; stipe 0.15–0.25 m; laminae oblong-lanceolate, 0.7−0.9 m; lateral pinnae 20–25 pairs, proximal 1–4 abruptly shortened, triangular-auriculate, 1–2 cm, reflexed; middle pinnae lanceolate, 10–14 x 1.5–2 cm, base truncate, lobed ca. 1/4 toward costae; sori orbicular. Occasionally common. Family Thelypteridaceae Cyclosorus parasiticus (L.) Farw.-DL-BM 042-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, 22º43’41”, 105º12’22”, 200 m. In open, wet secondary grasslands and scrubs. Perennial terrestrial fern, 0.7−1.2 m tall; rhizomes with dark brown scales; laminae with thin acicular hairs throughout on both surface, 0.4−0.6 x 0.15−0.25 m; 14−22 pairs, lobed 1/2−3/4 toward costae; proximal 1 or 2 pairs reflexed, not reduced; middle pairs 8−12 x 1.2−1.8 cm; sori orbicular. Common. Cyclosorus truncatus (Poir.) Farw.- DLBM 004 & DL-BM 061-Ha Giang, Bac Me, Minh Ngoc, around 22º43’17”, 105º11’33”, 210 m. Open wet secondary scrubs along sandstone-shale stream banks. Ferns 1.2−1.8 m tall; stipes 0.6−0.8 m, with brown scales; laminae oblong-lanceolate in outline, 0.9−1.3 x 0.3−0.4 m; pinnae 32−40 pairs; 3−6 proximal pairs abruptly shortened; middle pinnae 21−26 x 2−2.5 cm, lobed 1/3−1/2 toward costae; sori orbicular. Occasionally common. Cyclosorus truncatus (Poir.) Farw.-LT 19TuyenQuang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’29”, 104º58’58”, 659 m. Open rather wet sandstone scrubs on foot of limestone 83 Phan Ke Loc et al. mountains. Habit the same as DL-BM 004 & DL-BM 061. Not rare. Pronephrium hirsutum Ching ex Y.X.LinTL 042-Tuyen Quang Prov., Ham Yen Distr., Phu Lưu, 22º12’10”, 105º02’40”, 152 m. Scattered on secondary shale cliff scrubs. Perennial terrestrial fern, 1 m tall; rhizomes long creeping with sparse brown scales; stipes 0.4−0.5 m; laminae ovate-lanceolate in outline, 1-imparipinnate; lateral pinnae 3−4 pairs; pinnae 15−20 x 3−4.5 cm; terminal pinna ca. 25 x 5−6 cm; sori orbicular, not confluent when mature, exindusiate. Rare. Pronephrium simplex var. trifoliata (Ching) Loc K. Phan, var. nov. (basionym: Abacopteris simplex var. trifoliata Ching)-TL 031-Tuyen Quang Prov., Ham Yen Distr., Phu Lưu, 22º12’50”, 105º02’30”, 125 m. Scattered in open wet shale cliffs. Perennial terrestrial mesophytic, 0.4−0.5 m tall; fronds dimorphic; laminae ovate-triangular in outline, ternate; lateral leaflets of fertile fronds 9−11.5 x 1.5 cm; terminal leaflet 15 x 1.5 cm; sori orbicular, becoming confluents when old, exsindusiate; sterile leaflets shorter and larger. Rather common. Notes: Some pteridologists consider that this taxon is Abacopteris simplex var. trifoliata Ching, Cyclosorus simplex var. trifoliata (Ching) T.J.Liu, or Thelypteris simplex var. trifoliata (Ching) C.F.Reed. Family Dryopteridaceae Bolbitis christensenii (Ching) Ching-TL 034-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phù Lưu, 22o12’18”, 105o02’38”, 212 m. Rhizome 1 cm in diam., densely brownish black scales. Fronds tufted; sterile fronds pinnate with lamina elliptic in outline, 0.4−0.5 x 0.25 m, pinnae 7−11 pairs, 9−12 x 1.8−2.4 cm; fertile fronds as long as sterile fronds but lamina obviously narrower; stipe 0.4 m; blade ca. 0.3−0.35 m, 8−10 pairs of pinnae, lanceolate, 3−5 x 0.7−1 cm. Sori acrostichoid abaxial face without indusia. Rare. Bolbitis heteroclita (C.Presl) Ching-LT 36, LT 53 & LT 61-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, around 22º17’29”, 104º58’58”, 608−659 m. Mesophytic edge of sandstone cave. Rhizome robust, long creeping, densely 84 brownish black scaly. Fronds clustered. Sterile fronds with stipes 14−21 cm and lamina 15−50 x 8 cm, pinnae 3−6 pairs; apical with up to 5−11 pairs of lobes, apex caudate to long flagelliform, terminal part with bulbil; fertile fronds 0.3−0.4 m long; stipes ca. 0.2 m, densely scaly; pinnae 4−7 pairs; apical part 7−11 x 2−3.5 cm; Sori acrostichoid abaxial face. Not rare. Dryopteris varia (L.) Kunze-LT 028Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’30”, 104º58’58”, 645 m. In mesophytic secondary sandstone-shale cliff scrubs. Perennial terrestrial fern, 0.5−0.7 m tall, dimorphic; fertile fronds up to 0.6 m tall; stipes covered with scales same as on rhizome; lamina 0.3−0.45 x 0.24−0.28 m, tripinnatifid with pinnae 15−19 pairs; basal pair largest, ca. 15 x 10 cm, basiscopic longest, ca. 6 x 2 cm, ultimate pinnules acuminate; rachis and pinna rachis covered with brown scales; sori middle between margin and costa; indusia reniform. Rare. Family Nephrolepidaceae Nephrolepisbiserrata (Sw.) Schott-TL 059-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, around 22º12’36”, 105º03’22”, 54−163 m. Densely epiphytic, xerophytic in axil leaf of Livistona spp. Fronds dimorphic; fertile laminae glabrous on both surfaces, 0.6−1.8 x 0.2 m with 50−60 pairs of pinnae, 2−15 x 0.17−2.2 cm, base not auriculate on acroscopic side; sori orbicular, closer to margin than to midvein.CommonNephrolepidaceae. Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott- TL 013-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Phu Luu, around 22º12’36”, 105º03’22”, 163 m. In groups on mesophytic secondary shale cliff scrubs. Habit same as TL 059. Rare. Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C.Presl.-TB 130-Tuyen Quang, Ham Yen, Yen Thuan, 22º17’07”, 105º00’02”, 991 m. In humid valley disturbed scrubs. Perennial lithophytic fern, stipe 4−7 cm, densely covered by yellowish-brown scales, scattered on rachis; lamina base strongly reduced, narrowly lanceolate, 0.3−0.5 m long, 3−4 cm wide at